James Wickersham

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

History of Alaska
Russian America
Department of Alaska
District of Alaska
Alaska Territory
State of Alaska
Judge Wickersham (center) in council with Indian chiefs, Fairbanks, Alaska
Judge Wickersham (center) in council with Indian chiefs, Fairbanks, Alaska

James Wickersham (August 24, 18571939) was a district judge for Alaska, appointed by President McKinley to the Third Judicial District in 1900. He resigned his post in 1908 and was subsequently elected as Alaska's delegate to Congress, serving until 1917 and then being re-elected in 1930. He was instrumental in the passage of the Organic Act of 1912, which granted Alaska territorial status, introduced the Alaska Railroad Bill, legislation to establish McKinley Park, and the first Alaska Statehood Bill in 1916. He was among those responsible for the creation of the Alaska Agricultural College and School of Mines, which later became the University of Alaska.

Wickersham was born near Patoka, Illinois and moved in 1883 with his wife, Deborah, to Tacoma, Washington Territory.

The new Third District covered some 300,000 square miles; it had no roads, no public buildings, and almost no U.S. currency. The district court and its officials were the only civilian government, besides town functionaries, in the whole of the interior. In addition to traveling his circuit, the district judge was expected to procure land and materials to construct his own courthouse and jails. It was fortunate that his duties also included the collection of mercantile and saloon license fees, for Congress had provided no other funds for the construction and operation of the court.

James Wickersham wrote the book Old Yukon: Tails, Trails, and Trial, based on his life as a judge and living in Alaska. Wickersham made the first climbing attempt on Mount McKinley in 1903. The Wickersham Wall on McKinley was named after him.


Preceded by
Thomas Cale
Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives
from Alaska Territory

March 4, 1909March 3, 1917
Succeeded by
Charles A. Sulzer
Preceded by
Charles A. Sulzer
Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives
from Alaska Territory

January 7, 1919March 3, 1919
Succeeded by
Charles A. Sulzer
Preceded by
George B. Grigsby
Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives
from Alaska Territory

March 1, 1921March 3, 1921
Succeeded by
Daniel Alexander Sutherland
Preceded by
Daniel Alexander Sutherland
Delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives
from Alaska Territory

March 4, 1931March 3, 1933
Succeeded by
Anthony Joseph Dimond
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