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1. FC Kattowitz
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| 1. FC Kattowitz | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Full name | Erster Fussball-Club Kattowitz 1905 e.V. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Founded | 1905 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ground | Turngemeindeplatze (Capacity 35,000) |
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| League | B Klasa (7th level) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2005-06 | relaunched 2007 / 2008 season | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1. FC Kattowitz was an ethnically German football club playing in what was Kattowitz, Upper Silesia in Germany (now Katowice, Poland) during the inter-war period.
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The club was formed in 1905 by brothers Emil and Rudolf Fonfara as FC Preussen Kattowitz out of failed predecessor side SV Frisch Auf Kattowitz. The team was one of three that formed the short-lived Kattowitzer Ballspiel-Verband (Kattowitz Ballsport Federation) and claimed that league's only championship before it became part of the Südostdeutschen Fußball-Verband (Southeast German Football Federation) in late 1906. The new club continued as a strong side, advancing to the league final in 1907, 1908, 1909, and 1913. However, they lost in each of these appearances, the last of these after a protest by opponent Askania Forst that annulled a 2:1 victory.
After World War I and the re-establishment of a Polish republic, Upper Silesia was the subject of a territorial dispute between Germany and Poland. Following the Silesian Uprisings in 1921 and a subsequent League of Nations plebiscite, part of the region - including Kattowitz - was granted to Poland and the name of the city was changed to Katowice. The football club was known briefly by the Polish name 1. Klub Sportowy Katowice, but assumed the German name 1. FC Kattowitz after a successful court challenge.
In the mid- and late 20s 1. FC was one of the strongest teams in Poland. They finished second to Wisła Kraków in the Polish football league's first season of play in 1927. Kattowitz lost a crucial match 0:2 at home to Wisła and the team's supporters claimed that referee Zygmunt Hanke had not called a fair match because Polish football authorities did not want to see a German side become national champions.
In the mid- and late 1920’s Kattowitz was well known for its excellent players: goalkeeper Emil Goerlitz, who was the first footballer from Upper Silesia to play for the Polish national team; defender Erich Heidenreich, regarded as one of the best backs in Europe, who refused to play for Poland citing his German heritage; and forward Karol Kossok, another Polish national who went on to become the top scorer for the clubs Cracovia Krakow and Pogon Lwow). However, the team's most famous player was Ernest Wilimowski, who started his career with Kattowitz, but was sold to Ruch Chorzów in 1933.
The club faltered in 1929 and was relegated from first division Polish football, going on to play in the Silesian League - the strongest regional league in the country - where they became champions in 1932. After winning the Silesian League, 1.FC played some time in mid-1932 the play-offs for the first level place, against winners of the Krakow Regional League (Podgorze Krakow) and Kielce Regional League (Warta Zawiercie). Katowice's side twice beat Warta - 5-2 and 6-2, but also twice lost to Podgorze - 1-2 and 1-3. As a result, Podgorze qualified to central play-offs, and later - to the Polish League.
In June 1939 the club's activities were suspended by authorities who accused it of promoting and supporting the interests of Nazi Germany. After the German invasion of Poland which began World War II in the fall of 1939, the team resumed play with German authorities looking to hold up 1. FC as a model side in Upper Silesia.
In 1933 German football had been reorganized under the Third Reich into sixteen top-flight Gauligen. Additional divisions were formed in conquered territories and Kattowitz joined the newly created Gauliga Schlesiesen for the 1940-41 season. That division was split the following year into the Gauliga Niederschlesien and the Gauliga Oberschlesien, where 1. FC played until the end of the war. The club attracted players such as Ewald Dytko, Paweł Cyganek, Erwin Nyc and Wilimowski to its ranks, but was never able to overtake rival Germania Königshütte, instead struggling as a lower table side whose best result was a third place finish in their first season of play in the Gauliga.
1. FC Kattowitz ceased to exist in January 1945 with the arrival of Red Army troops in the region.
- The Kattowitzer Ballspiel-Verband was made up of FC Preussen, SC Diana Kattowitz, and SC Germania Kattowitz. Alongside FC 1903 Ratibor they formed the Upper Silesian division (Bezirk Oberschlesien) of the Southeast German Football Federation in 1906.
- Historical German league results (German)
Grüne, Hardy (2001). Vereinslexikon. Kassel: AGON Sportverlag ISBN 3-89784-147-9