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Korean wave
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Korean wave refers to the recent surge of popularity of South Korean popular culture in other countries, especially in Asian countries.
It is also referred to as "Hallyu", from the Korean pronunciation of the term. The term was coined in China in mid 1999 by Beijing journalists startled by the growing popularity of South Koreans and South Korean goods in China.[1] 한류/韓流/韩流 (Korean Wave) is homophone to an existing compound word, 한류/寒流 ("cold current") in Mandarin Chinese and Korean.
The Korean wave began with the export of Korean TV dramas such as Jewel in the Palace and Winter Sonata across East and Southeast Asia; the growing success of Korean drama was shortly matched in the fields of movies and popular music.
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Initially, many Asian television companies broadcast Korean shows because the productions were impressive-looking but cheap to purchase. As their exposure increased, they resonated with audiences and their popularity grew; by 2000 the Wave was in full swing.
The popularity of South Korean shows, singers, and movies throughout Asia is due both to South Korea's high income levels and to the closer cultural affinity they can share as Asian countries.[2]
South Korea is now the 10th largest economy in the world, and 9th largest film market, and its entertainment companies are able to finance shows and movies with production values higher than in much of Asia. Korean pop singers' performances are slickly produced and often feature spectacular laser and fireworks shows.
More importantly, though, the shows and movies have themes that Asian audiences can relate to more easily than those of their Western counterparts. Korean dramas typically deal with family issues, love, and filial piety in an age of changing technology and values. The shows tend to reinforce traditional values of Confucianism.
Recent years have seen an increase in interest in the Korean language, Korean cuisine and Hanbok, the traditional Korean dress.
The overwhelming success of South Korean dramas, movies, and music served as a major tourist magnet in 2005, mainly from the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, Marshall Islands and China.[3]
Korean male celebrities are now among the highest-paid actors outside Hollywood. According to the South Korean media, Winter Sonata star Bae Yong Joon is now charging $5 million a film, the highest in Asia..[4] At least nine other Korean male stars earn more than $10 million a year.[5]
The best-selling international artist from Korea is BoA due to her popularity in the J-pop market. Other international stars also includes Shinhwa and TVXQ.
In 2006, South Korean programs on Chinese government TV networks accounted for more than all other foreign programs combined.[6]
On May 5, 2007, a K-pop concert was held at the Hollywood Bowl in Los Angeles. The theme for the night was We Are One and several big names performed, including Ivy, Fly to the Sky, Big Bang, Super Junior, Epik High and BoA.[citation needed]
In 2005, there were signs of a nascent backlash against the "Korean wave", just as there have been protests against the importing of Western pop culture. Vietnam's government threatened to ban the broadcast of Korean shows if Vietnamese shows were not broadcast more on Vietnamese television stations.[7] Taiwan considered limits on the broadcast of foreign shows. China also considered boycotting or limiting the amount of Korean imports in the entertainment sector.[8] In Japan, a comic book with a title usually translated as "Hating the Korean Wave" sold enough copies that a sequel was released. The book has been accused of promoting hatred and containing historical inaccuracies.[9][10][11]
- ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/30/AR2006083002985.html
- ^ http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200601/200601070003.html
- ^ http://www.the-infoshop.com/study/eo45894-travel-tourism.html
- ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/30/AR2006083002985.html
- ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/30/AR2006083002985.html
- ^ http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/08/30/AR2006083002985_2.html
- ^ http://atimes.com/atimes/Korea/GK12Dg02.html
- ^ http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200601/200601110009.html
- ^ http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0611F8355A0C7A8DDDA80994DD404482
- ^ http://mdn.mainichi-msn.co.jp/waiwai/archive/news/2005/08/20050810p2g00m0dm014000c.html
- ^ http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,3-1851673,00.html
- Contemporary culture of South Korea
- Cinema of Korea
- K-pop
- Korean drama
- KTO (Korea Tourism Organization, formerly, KNTO)
- List of Korea-related topics
- Critical article by Roald Maliangkay on the recent development of the Wave
- The Korea Foundation for Asian Culture Exchange
- "'Korean Wave' Piracy Hits Music Industry", BBC, November 9, 2001.
- "'Korean Wave' Hits Asia Lifting S. Korean Tourism", Yonhap News, December 15, 2005.
- "A rising Korean wave: If Seoul sells it, China craves it", The International Herald Tribune, January 10, 2006.
- "Hallyu Phenomenon Faces Backlash in East Asia", The Korea Times, January 16, 2006.
- "Hallyu and Screen Quota", The Korea Times, January 18, 2006.
- "Korea, Asia's New Entertainment Source?", AllKPop October 28, 2007.