Koszalin

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Koszalin
Town Hall
Town Hall
Coat of arms of Koszalin
Coat of arms
Koszalin (Poland)
Koszalin
Koszalin
Coordinates: 54°11′N 16°11′E / 54.183, 16.183
Country Poland
Voivodeship West Pomeranian
Powiat City County
Gmina Koszalin
Established 11th century
City Rights 1266
Government
 - Mayor Mirosław Mikietyński
Area
 - Total 83 km² (32 sq mi)
Population (2006)
 - Total 106,125
 - Density 1,265/km² (3,276.3/sq mi)
Time zone CET (UTC+1)
 - Summer (DST) CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code 75-900, 75-902, 75-007, 75-016
Area code(s) +48 094
Car Plates ZK
Website: www.koszalin.pl

Koszalin [kɔˈʂalin] (German: Köslin [kœˈslin], Kashubian and Pomeranian: Kòszalëno, Latin: Scurgum) is the biggest city of Middle Pomerania in north-western Poland. It is located 15 km south of the Baltic Sea coast. Koszalin is also a county-status city and capital of Koszalin County of West Pomeranian Voivodeship since 1999. Previously, it was a capital of Koszalin Voivodeship (1950-1998).

Contents

In 1214 Boguslaw II, duke of Pomerania made a donation of Koszalin village by the Chełm Mountain in Kołobrzeg (Kolberg) land (una villa ... Cussalitz iuxta Cholin in terra Cholbergensis) to the Premonstratensian (Norbertine) monastery in Białoboki (Belbuck) near Trzebiatów inviting new, mostly German, settlers from outside of Pomerania. In 1248 the eastern part of Kołobrzeg land, including Koszalin, was transferred by Duke Barnim I to the Pomeranian bishops which was the beginning of ecclesiastical Duchy of Kamien.

In 1266 Herman von Gleichen, bishop of Pomerania, granted a charter to Koszalin, then already known as Köslin due to an increasing influx of ethnic Germans, giving it Lübeck law, local government, autonomy and multiple privileges. In the following years Koszalin became the bishop's main residence and the capital of the ecclesiastical Duchy of Kamien.

By the acquisition of Jamno village (1331), part of Jamno lake, a spit between the lake and sea and the stronghold of Unieście (1353), Koszalin (Köslin) obtained direct access to the sea, participating in the next centuries in the Baltic Sea trade, which led to several conflicts with the competing seaports of Kołobrzeg and Darłowo.

After the death of the last Pomeranian duke (1637) Koszalin (Köslin) was inherited by his cousin, Ernest Boguslaw de Croy, and next it fell to Brandenburg. In these years it was considered to be the capital of the Duchy of Cassubia and later divided into Koszalin county, Kołobrzeg county, Bialogard county and Szczecinek county.

After 1701 the Duchies of Prussia, Pomerania and Brandenburg formed the Kingdom of Prussia and 1815-1945 Köslin was the capital of Farther Pomerania (district of the Prussian province of Pomerania).

After World War II as a result of peace conferences in Yalta and Potsdam Köslin fell to Poland and returned to its Slavic name of Koszalin. Most of the German population were evacuated, managed to escape, or were expelled to Germany by Polish force. Few ethnic Poles lived in Köslin before 1945, except for some of remotely Kashubian Slavic descent, and new Polish and Polish-Ukrainian settlers arrived from various parts of Poland.

In 1945 it was initially scheduled to be the capital of the newly created West Pomeranian Voivodeship, finally moved to Szczecin. In 1950 this voivodship was divided in half into Szczecin Voivodeship and Koszalin Voivodeship.

In years 1950-1975 Koszalin was the capital of the 'big' Koszalin Voivodeship (out of 17, sometimes called Middle Pomerania) and the fastest growing city in Poland, and in years 1975-1998 the capital of the 'small' Koszalin Voivodeship (out of 49).

As a result Local Government Reorganization Act (1998) Koszalin was located in West Pomeranian Voivodeship (effective 1 January 1999) despite the inhabitants' demand of a Middle Pomeranian Voivodeship covering approximately the area of former Koszalin voivodship (1950-75).


1905: 21,474 inhabitants
1939: 33,500 inhabitants
1945: 17,000 inhabitants
1950: 18,900 inhabitants
1960: 44,400 inhabitants
1970: 65,200 inhabitants
1975: 77,600 inhabitants
1980: 93,500 inhabitants
1990: 108,700 inhabitants
1999: 112,375 inhabitants
2002: 108,480 inhabitants
2003: 107,877 inhabitants
2006: 106,125 inhabitants

The city borders on Chełmska hill, a site of pagan worship in prehistory, and upon which is now built the tower "sanctuary of the covenant", which was consecrated by Pope John Paul II in 1991, and is currently a pilgrimage site.

Koszalin's most distinctive landmark is St. Mary's cathedral (Marienkirche), dating from the early 14th century. Positioned in front of the cathedral is a monument commemorating John Paul II's visit to the city.

  • Koszalin University of Technology (Politechnika Koszalińska)
  • Baltic High School

  • Zakład Energetyczny Koszalin SA
  • Brok Sambor SA
  • JAAN Autoglass

Members of Parliament (Sejm) elected from Koszalin constituency


  • collective work, Z dziejów Koszalina, Biblioteka Słupska, tom 7, Wydawnictwo Poznańskie i Polskie Towarzystwo Historyczne, Poznań-Słupsk 1960
  • (ed.) A.Lesiński, B.Drewniak, Dzieje Koszalina, Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, Poznań 1967
  • Tadeusz Gasztołd, Adam Muszyński, Hieronim Rybicki, Koszalin. Zarys dziejów, Wydawnictwo Poznańskie, Poznań 1974

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
v • d • e
Counties of West Pomeranian Voivodeship

City counties: Koszalin • Szczecin • Świnoujście

Land counties: Białogard • Choszczno • Drawsko • Goleniów • Gryfice • Gryfino • Kamień • Kołobrzeg • Koszalin • Łobez • Myślibórz • Police • Pyrzyce • Sławno • Stargard • Szczecinek • Świdwin • Wałcz

Coordinates: 54°12′N, 16°11′E

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koszalin"
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