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Lauric acid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Lauric acid | |
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| Chemical name | Dodecanoic acid |
| Other names | Lauric acid n-Dodecanoic acid |
| Chemical formula | C12H24O2 |
| Molecular mass | 200.32 g/mol |
| CAS number | [143-07-7] |
| Density | 0.880 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 44-46 °C |
| Boiling point | 225 °C at 100 mmHg |
| Disclaimer and references | |
Lauric acid, or dodecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with the structural formula CH3(CH2)10COOH . It is the main acid in coconut oil and in palm kernel oil, and is believed to have antimicrobial properties. It is a white, powdery solid with a faint odor of bay oil or soap.
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Lauric acid, although slightly irritating to mucous membranes, has a very low toxicity and so is used in many soaps and shampoos. Sodium lauryl sulfate is the most common lauric-acid derived compound used for this purpose. Because lauric acid has a non-polar hydrocarbon tail and a polar carboxylic acid head, it can interact with polar solvents (the most important being water) as well as fats, allowing water to dissolve fats. This accounts for the abilities of shampoos to remove grease from hair.
Because lauric acid is inexpensive, has a long shelf-life, and is non-toxic and safe to handle, it is often used in laboratory investigations of melting-point depression. Lauric acid is a solid at room temperature but melts easily in boiling water, so liquid lauric acid can be treated with various solutes and used to determine their molecular masses.
Reduction of lauric acid yields 1-dodecanol.
Vapor density: 6.20
Vapor pressure: 1 mm at 121 C
Flash point: >113°C (>235°F)
Viscosity: 7.30 mPa-s at 323 K
Melting Point: 44ºC
Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents. Although lauric acid will burn, it tends to melt and vaporize unless it is in contact with an oxidizing agent or has been heated extremely quickly.
Eye, skin and respiratory irritant.
Non-hazardous for air, sea and road transport. May cause burns.