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Lebanon, Connecticut
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For other places with the same name, see Lebanon (disambiguation).
| Lebanon, Connecticut | |
 |
|
| Coordinates: | |
|---|---|
| NECTA | Hartford |
| Region | Windham Region |
| Incorporated | 1700 |
| Government | |
| - Type | Selectman-town meeting |
| - First selectman | Joyce R. Okonuk |
| Area | |
| - City | 143.0 km² (55.2 sq mi) |
| Population (2005)[1] | |
| - City | 7,334 |
| - Density | 52/km² (136/sq mi) |
| Time zone | Eastern (UTC-5) |
| - Summer (DST) | Eastern (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code | 06249 |
| Website: http://www.lebanontownhall.org/ | |
Lebanon is a town in New London County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 6,907 at the 2000 census.
Contents |
Incorporated in 1700, Lebanon was home to Connecticut's first Governor, Jonathan Trumbull. The Revolutionary War Office is located on the town's historic green, which is the largest in the nation, along with the William Beaumont home and the Wadsworth Stable. The town was also home to famous American neo-classical painter John Trumbull and his brother Governor John Trumbull Jr.
Connecticut’s war effort during the Revolutionary War was directed from the War Office on the Green and the adjacent home of Gov. Jonathan Trumbull Sr.
"During the Revolutionary War, Governor Jonathan Trumbull [Sr.] convened the Council of Safety to deal with the defense of the colony of Connecticut and to supply provisions to the Continental Army. Many of the over 1,100 meetings were held in this building. Among major figures who participated in the work done here were General Knox, Putnam, the Count de Rochambeau, George Washington and the Marquis de Lafayette."[2]
The importance of Governor Trumbull and Lebanon itself to the war effort earned the town the nickname "Heartbeat of the Revolution."
In the winter and spring of 1781 (from November 1780 to June 21, 1781),[3] the French Duc de Lauzin's Legion of Horse, comprising 220 soldiers, encamped in Lebanon. The troops were generally well behaved,[4] which was apparently unusual for them -- they were later known for pillaging. A patrol of hussars, horses and all, did desert into the woods, and two less lucky Frenchmen, corporals Christoph Hand and Joseph Frank, were executed by firing squad in April 1781 for desertion. At this stage, however, the troops and officers were relatively well supervised. (The next winter, according to one officer, a fifth of the officers in the contingent engaged in duels with each other.)[3]
"The rank and file included subjects of 15 European countries, from Ireland to Russia and from Denmark to Hungary. Just a third of the men were French. ... The officers hailed from Sweden and from France, from England and Ireland, from Poland and from sundry German states. Among them they spoke eight tongues, but by tradition and heritage the unit cursed in Hungarian," according to historian Robert A. Selig.[3]
Lauzun himself was once described by Rochambeau as the "most amiable man in France." But he added that the duke was "often the most foolish...who never had enough force of character to be successful."[3]
Residents made a bit of money off of the troops, but not much.[4] In June, the soldiers rode off toward White Plains, New York. Lauzun later wrote in his memoirs, "Siberia alone can furnish any idea of Lebanon, which consists of a few huts scattered among vast forests." Lauzun was later praised by Rochambeau for his heroism. (He was later guillotined during the French Revolution).[3]
- William Beaumont (1785-1853), the "Father of Gastric Physiology," whose book describing digestion, published in 1833, became a classical medical study still used today.
- Nelson Dewey (1813-1889), first governor of Wisconsin (1848-1852) at the age of 35, born in town
- Ralph Gurley (1797-1872), a clergyman, chaplain of the U.S. House of Representatives, and an influential figure in the American Colonization Society, which offered passage to their colony in west Africa (now Liberia), to free black Americans.
- John Trumbull (1756–1843), famous American artist, born in town.
- Jonathan Trumbull, Jr. (1740-1809), served as General George Washington's secretary during the American Revolution; later eight-term governor of the state
- Jonathan Trumbull, Sr. (1710–1785), governor of Connecticut, father of Jonathan Trumbull, Jr., and a strong supporter of Washington during the American Revolutionary War, studied theology in Lebanon and later died in the town, where he is buried (PORTRAIT AT RIGHT)
- Joseph Trumbull (1737–1778), a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1774 (he didn't attend sessions), and colonel in the Continental Army. He served as one of the Commissary Generals.
- Joseph Trumbull (1782–1861), represented Connecticut in the U.S. Congress and served as governor, grandson of Jonathan Trumbull Sr.
- Eleazar Wheelock (1711-1779), founder of Dartmouth College.
- William Williams (1731–1811), merchant and delegate for Connecticut to the Second Continental Congress in 1776, where he signed the Declaration of Independence.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 143.1 km² (55.2 mi²). 140.1 km² (54.1 mi²) of it is land and 2.9 km² (1.1 mi²) of it (2.05%) is water.
As of the census2 of 2000, there were 6,907 people, 2,446 households, and 1,934 families residing in the town. The population density was 49.3/km² (127.6/mi²). There were 2,820 housing units at an average density of 20.1/km² (52.1/mi²). The racial makeup of the town was 96.89% White, 0.81% African American, 0.39% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.49% from other races, and 1.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.65% of the population.
There were 2,446 households out of which 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.4% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.9% were non-families. 15.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the town the population was spread out with 28.0% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 101.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $61,173, and the median income for a family was $63,198. Males had a median income of $45,952 versus $35,594 for females. The per capita income for the town was $25,784. About 1.5% of families and 2.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.0% of those under age 18 and 3.7% of those age 65 or over.
| Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of October 25, 2005[5] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Active Voters | Inactive Voters | Total Voters | Percentage | |
| Republican | 1,195 | 40 | 1,235 | 25.72% | |
| Democratic | 1,178 | 49 | 1,227 | 25.56% | |
| Unaffiliated | 2,216 | 119 | 2,335 | 48.64% | |
| Minor Parties | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0.08% | |
| Total | 4,593 | 208 | 4,801 | 100% | |
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates
- ^ [1] War Office page of the Trumbull Town Hall Web site, accessed July 22, 2006
- ^ a b c d e [2] Selig, Robert A, "The Duc de Lauzun and his Legion: Rochambeau's most troublesome, colorful soldiers," at AmericanRevolution.org Web site, retrieved August 1, 2006
- ^ a b Ifkovic, John W., Connecticut's Nationalist Revolutionary: Jonathan Trumbull, Junior, 1977, American Revolution Bicentennial Commission of Connecticut, The New Era Printing Company Inc., Deep River, Connecticut, p. 55; Ifkovic cites Ricketts, Rowland Jr., "The French in Lebanon, 1780-1781," The Connecticut Historical Society Bulletin, XXXVI (January 1971), pp. 23-31
- ^ Registration and Party Enrollment Statistics as of October 25, 2005 (PDF). Connecticut Secretary of State. Retrieved on October 2, 2006.
- Official town government Web site
- Jonathan Trumbull Library, the town public library
- Jonathan Trumbull, Junior House Museum
- Mystic Country: The Eastern Regional Tourism District
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