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The Leeds and Selby Railway was a railway company in the United Kingdom which opened in 1834, between Leeds and Selby.

For a number of years the manufacturers in Leeds had been becoming increasingly dissatisfied with the route to the North Sea ports via the Aire and Calder Navigation. Not only were the charges high, there had been problems with the water supply in Summer. In 1814 This led to a discussion in the local newspaper of the merits of a railway similar to the recently-opened Middleton Colliery Railway.

The idea, however, remained dormant until 1829, when, with the example of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, then nearing completion, a new scheme was floated to connect Leeds with a port on the River Humber at Selby and received Parliamentary assent in 1830. This was necessary mainly to raise funds by public subscription, since much of the land already belonged to the directors. The route had the advantage of passing close by a number of quarries and coal mines.

The terrain was easy by the standards of later railways, with gentle curves and the steepest gradient being two miless at 1 in 150. To achieve this however there were a number of embankments (some six and a half miles) and cuttings, the longest being 1½ miles. There was one tunnel of 700 yards, and forty three bridges, the latter being wide enough to allow future expansion to four tracks. The rails used were similar to those used on the Liverpool and Manchester, 15 foot T shaped of 35 lb to the yard, space at 4 foot 8½ inches. They were set on to either stone blocks or timber sleepers. The quality of stone initially used proved to be unsatisfactory. In some places the experiment was tried of using stones laid longitudinally under the rails and joined laterally with iron ties. By 1845, heavier rails, at 42lb per yard, began to be used.

The line opened to passengers on 22nd., September, 1834 from a station at Marsh Lane in Leeds. None of the stations had platforms although they were provided with well-proportioned buildings. At Leeds there was a separate goods depot and a repair shop.

The original station at Selby was very large for the time, having by 1845 a three bay trainshed capable of housing 98 carriages and wagons,. Trains would pass through the station to a jetty by the waterside where passengers would alight the train and walk across the road to the connecting boat on the river. This site was just behind the current station site. Selby station was the first railway station to be built in Yorkshire, a fact commemorated by a plaque on the original building.

The original engines were of the lightweight four-wheeled "Bury type" built by Fenton, Murray and Jackson of Leeds and Kirtley & Co. of Warrington. There were first and second class carriages, tickets of different colours being used for different stations.

This was one of the first railways and its directors had no experience of managing such a venture. It, therefore, did not prosper as it should have done. In 1839, George Hudson's York and North Midland Railway opened, terminating with a branch to the Leeds and Selby line. The following year the York and North Midland extended to meet the North Midland Railway at Normanton and Hudson bought a lease on the Leeds and Selby to avoid competition into Leeds, buying it outright in 1844.

The Y&NMR became part of the new North Eastern Railway in 1854 and of the London and North Eastern Railway in 1923.

• The London & North Eastern Railway (LNER) Encyclopedia
• Whishaw, F, (1842) The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland London: John Wheale repub Clinker, C.R.ed (1969) Whishaw's Railways of Great Britain and Ireland Newton Abbot: David and Charles