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Linguolabial consonant
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Places of articulation |
| Labial |
| Bilabial |
| Labial-velar |
| Labial-alveolar |
| Labiodental |
| Bidental |
| Coronal |
| Linguolabial |
| Interdental |
| Dental |
| Alveolar |
| Apical |
| Laminal |
| Postalveolar |
| Alveolo-palatal |
| Retroflex |
| Dorsal |
| Palatal |
| Labial-palatal |
| Velar |
| Uvular |
| Uvular-epiglottal |
| Radical |
| Pharyngeal |
| Epiglotto-pharyngeal |
| Epiglottal |
| Glottal |
| This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] |
| [Edit] |
Linguolabials or apicolabials are consonants articulated by placing the tongue tip or blade against the upper lip, which is drawn downward to meet the tongue. They represent one extreme of a coronal articulatory continuum which extends from linguolabial to sub-apical palatal places of articulation. Cross-linguistically, linguolabial consonants are very rare, though they do not represent a particularly exotic combination of articulatory configurations, unlike click consonants or ejectives. They are found in a cluster of languages in Vanuatu, as well as in Umotína, a recently extinct Bororoan language of Brazil, as well as extraphonotactic sounds in Coatlán-Loxicha Zapotec.
The linguolabial consonants are transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet by adding the "seagull" diacritic to the corresponding alveolar consonant. They are sometimes seen with the letter for a bilabial consonant instead, but this usage is not recognized by the International Phonetic Association, and would imply that both lips are used.
| IPA | Description | Example | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Language | Orthography | IPA | Meaning | ||
| n̼ | linguolabial nasal | Tangoa | [n̼ata] | "eye" | |
 |
voiceless linguolabial plosive | Tangoa | [t̼et̼e] | "butterfly" | |
 |
voiced linguolabial plosive | Vao | [nan̼d̼ak] | "bow" | |
 |
voiceless linguolabial fricative | Big Nambas | ['inɛθ̼] | "he is asthmatic" | |
 |
voiced linguolabial fricative | Tangoa | [ð̼atu] | "stone" | |
| r̼ | linguolabial trill | Attested extraphonotactically in Coatlán Zapotec [1] Essentially identical to blowing a raspberry. | |||
- ^ Rosemary Beam de Azcona, Sound Symbolism. Available at http://www.linguistics.berkeley.edu/~rosemary/55-fall2003-onomatopoeia.pdf
- Maddieson, Ian. Linguolabials. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Volume 81, Issue S1 (May 1987), p. S65.