List of capitals of Brazil

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This is a list of the cities that are or have been considered national or state capitals of Brazil.

Contents

  • Salvador (1534-1763)
    • Salvador (1572-1578/1581) - seat city for the State of Maranhão of King Henry
    • São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro (1572-1578/1581) - seat city for the State of Brazil of King Henry
    • Salvador (1621-1640) - seat city for the State of Maranhão under the Iberian Union
  • Rio de Janeiro (1763-1815) - seat city for the Viceroyalty of Brazil
  • Rio de Janeiro (1815-1822) - seat city for the Kingdom of Brazil junto to Kingdom Unido de Portugal, Brazil and Algarves
  • Rio de Janeiro (1822-1889) - seat city for the Empire of Brazil
  • Rio de Janeiro (1889-1960) - seat city for the República dos Estados Unidos of Brazil
  • Brasília (1960-present) - seat city for the República dos Estados Unidos of Brazil, since 1967 da República Federativa of Brazil

OBS.: Although not being accurately correct to consider that a colony has a capital (since the very idea of capital city is relared to the concept of sovereignty), the city of Salvador is usually called the "first capital of Brazil" for being more than two centuries the seat for the Portuguese colonial administration in Brazil (general government and viceroyalty). Strictly, however, Brazil only had a de jure and de facto capital since its Independence in 1822.

created out of Amazonas

  • Porto Acre, present Xapuri (1899-1903?) - seat city for the State Independent do Acre
  • Rio Branco (1920-1963) - seat city for the territory do Acre
  • Rio Branco (1963-present) - seat city for the State of Acre

created out of Pernambuco

  • Alagoas (1817-1822) - seat city for the Capitania das Alagoas
  • Alagoas (1822-1839) - seat city for the Província das Alagoas
  • Maceió (1839-present) - seat city for the Província das Alagoas
  • Maceió (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Alagoas

created out of Pará

  • Macapá (1943-1988) - seat city for the territory do Amapá
  • Macapá (1988-present) - seat city for the State of Amapá

created out of Pará

  • Mariuá (1755-1791) - seat city for the Captaincy of São José do Rio Negro
  • São José da Barra do Rio Negro (1791-1799) - seat city for the Captaincy of São José do Rio Negro
  • Mariuá (1799-1808) - seat city for the Captaincy of São José do Rio Negro
  • São José da Barra do Rio Negro (1808-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of São José do Rio Negro; since 1856, named Manaus
  • subject to the Province of Grão-Pará (1822-1850)
  • Manaus (1850-1889) - seat city for the Province of Amazonas
  • Manaus (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Amazonas

  • Aquiraz
  • Fortaleza (1799-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Ceará
  • Fortaleza (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Ceará
  • Fortaleza (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Ceará

  • Vitória (1812-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Espírito Santo
  • Vitória (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Espírito Santo
  • Vitória (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Espírito Santo

created out of São Paulo

  • Goiás (1748-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Goiás
  • Goiás (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Goiás
  • Goiás (1889-1937) - seat city for the State of Goiás
  • Goiânia (1937-present) - seat city for the State of Goiás

created out of Pará

  • São Luís (1772-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Maranhão and Piauí
  • São Luís (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Maranhão
  • São Luís (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Maranhão

created out of São Paulo

  • Vila Bela da Santíssima Trindade (1748-1821) - seat city for the Captaincy of Mato Grosso
  • Cuiabá (1821-1889) - seat city for the Province of Mato Grosso
  • Cuiabá (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Mato Grosso

created out of Mato Grosso

  • Campo Grande (1975-present) - seat city for the State of Mato Grosso do Sul

created out of São Paulo

  • Vila Rica (1720-1822) - since 1822, named Ouro Preto; seat city for the Capitania das Minas Gerais
  • Ouro Preto (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Minas Gerais
  • Ouro Preto (1889-1897) - seat city for the State of Minas Gerais
  • Belo Horizonte (1897-present) - seat city for the State of Minas Gerais

  • Belém (1737-1772) - seat city for the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão
  • Belém (1772-1822) - seat city for the State of Grão-Pará and Rio Negro
  • Belém (1822-1850) - seat city for the Province of Grão-Pará
  • Belém (1850-1889) - seat city for the Province of Pará
  • Belém (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Pará

created out of São Paulo

  • Curitiba (1853-1889) - seat city for the Province of Paraná
  • Curitiba (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Paraná

  • Olinda (1537-1630) - seat city for the Captaincy of Pernambuco
  • Mauritsstad or Cidade Maurícia (1630-1654) - seat city for the administration holandesa
  • Olinda (1654-822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Pernambuco
  • Olinda (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Pernambuco
  • Recife (1837-1889) - seat city for the Province of Pernambuco
  • Recife (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Pernambuco

created out of Maranhão

  • Parnaíba (1718-1759) - seat city for the Captaincy of Piauí (subject to Maranhão)
  • Oeiras (1759-1811) - seat city for the Captaincy of Piauí (subject to Maranhão)
  • Oeiras (1811-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Piauí
  • Oeiras (1822-1852) - seat city for the Province of Piauí
  • Teresina (1852-1889) - seat city for the Province of Piauí
  • Teresina (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Piauí

  • Captaincy of Rio Grande, sem sede (1534-1634)
  • subject to the administration holandesa (1634-1654)
  • subject to the Captaincy of Bahia (1654-1701)
  • subject to the Captaincy of Pernambuco (1701-1822)
  • Natal (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Rio Grande do Norte
  • Natal (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Rio Grande do Norte

created out of Rio de Janeiro, apesar de not lhe ser limítrofe

  • Rio Grande
  • Porto Alegre (1709-1807) - até 1773 named "Porto dos Casais"
  • Porto Alegre (1807-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of São Pedro do Rio Grande do Sul
  • Porto Alegre (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of Rio Grande do Sul
    • Rio Grande (1835-1845) - seat city for the República Rio-Grandense
    • Piratini (1835-1845) - seat city for the República Rio-Grandense
    • Caçapava do Sul (1835-1845) - seat city for the República Rio-Grandense
    • Alegrete (1835-1845) - seat city for the República Rio-Grandense
    • São Borja (1835-1845) - seat city for the República Rio-Grandense
  • Porto Alegre (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Rio Grande do Sul

  • Niterói (1834-1889) - até 1835, named "Vila Real da Praia Grande"; seat city for the Province of Rio de Janeiro
  • Niterói (1889-1892) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro
  • Petrópolis (1894-1903) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro
  • Niterói (1903-1975) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro
  • Rio de Janeiro (1975-present) - seat city for the State of Rio de Janeiro

Created in 1943 under the name de "territory do Guaporé", desmembrado do Mato Grosso. Transformado in State of Rondônia in 1988.

Created in 1943 under the name de "territory do Rio Branco", desmembrado do Amazonas. Transformado in State of Roraima in 1988.

  • Boa Vista (1988-present) - anteriormente named "Rio Branco"

created out of São Paulo

  • São Vicente (1534-1709) - seat city for the Captaincy of São Vicente
    • Santos (1534-1624) - seat city for the Captaincy of Santo Amaro
  • São Paulo (1709-1822) - anteriormente named "São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga"; seat city for the Captaincy of São Paulo and Minas de Ouro
  • São Paulo (1709-1720) - seat city for the Captaincy of São Paulo
  • São Paulo (1822-1889) - seat city for the Province of São Paulo
  • São Paulo (1889-present) - seat city for the State of São Paulo

created out of Bahia

  • São Cristóvão (1820-1822) - seat city for the Captaincy of Sergipe
  • São Cristóvão (1822-1855) - seat city for the Province of Sergipe
  • Aracaju (1855-1889) - seat city for the Province of Sergipe
  • Aracaju (1889-present) - seat city for the State of Sergipe

created out of Goiás

Created in 1960 out of the territory of former Distrito Federal. Merged with the State of Rio de Janeiro in 1975.

  • Rio de Janeiro (1960-1975)

Created in 1943 under the name de "territory de Fernando de Noronha". Incorporated the Pernambuco.

  • Vila dos Remédios (principal núcleo habitado de Fernando de Noronha (1943-1988)

Created in 1943 under the name de "territory do Iguaçu". Merged back to Paraná and the Santa Catarina.

Created in 1943 under the name de "territory de Ponta-Porã". Merged back to Mato Grosso.

  • Montevidéu (1809-1828)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org../../../l/i/s/List_of_capitals_of_Brazil_ed06.html"
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