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List of divided islands
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Divided islands)
The vast majority of islands in the world are either a country in their own right or part of a larger country. This is a list of those few islands whose land is divided between two or more countries or territories by an international border. In many cases (e.g. Ireland, Cyprus, Timor) the division has been the source of much dispute.
Contents |
- Borneo - Among
Indonesia (70%), 
Malaysia (25%), and 
Brunei (5%) - Cyprus - de facto between three countries, de jure between two: see next section
- Island in the Moselle River near Schengen: mostly in
France, the tip is in the Moselle condominium shared by 
Luxembourg and 
Germany[1] - Treriksröset - the boundary cairn at the tripoint of
Norway, 
Sweden and 
Finland is 10 metres from the shore of Lake Goldajärvi/Koltajauri, and hence arguably a tiny artificial island.
- New Guinea - Between Indonesia (50%) and
Papua New Guinea (50%) - Ireland - Between the
Republic of Ireland (83%) and the 
United Kingdom (Northern Ireland; 17%) - Hispaniola - Between the
Dominican Republic (67%) and 
Haiti (33%) - Tierra del Fuego - Between
Chile (50%) and 
Argentina (50%) - Timor - Between Indonesia (53%) and
East Timor (47%) - Cyprus - De jure between the
Republic of Cyprus (97%) and the United Kingdom (controlling the UK sovereign bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia; 3%)
- de facto there is also the unrecognized
Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus in the part of the island militarily occupied by 
Turkey (de facto 36%), together with a 
United Nations administered buffer zone (de facto 1%), separating the part controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus (de facto 61%) from the Turkish-occupied part. The remaining is occupied by the UK sovereign bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (de facto 2%)
- de facto there is also the unrecognized
- Sebatik Island - Between Indonesia and Malaysia (also claimed by the Philippines)
- two islands situated between Sir Creek and Kori Creek are divided between
India and 
Pakistan - Usedom/Uznam - Between Germany (84%) and
Poland (16%) - Saint Martin (Saint-Martin/Sint Maarten) - Between the Collectivity of Saint Martin (61%) and the
Netherlands Antilles (an autonomous part of the 
Kingdom of the Netherlands; 39%) - Kataja (including Inakari) in the Gulf of Bothnia between Finland and Sweden.[2]
- Artificial island on the King Fahd Causeway - between
Saudi Arabia and 
Bahrain. - Märket - Between the autonomous Finnish province of
Åland (50%) and Sweden (50%). The world's smallest divided sea island.
- Between
United States and 
Canada:
- Province Island in Lake Memphremagog, between Quebec (91%) and Vermont (9%) [3]
- Two islands in Boundary Lake, between North Dakota and Manitoba.
- Between Norway and
Russia:
- Between Finland and Russia:
- Äikkäänniemi in Nuijamaanjärvi[6]
- Suursaari and a smaller island in Yla-Tirja[7]
- Tarraassiinsaari, Härkäsaari, and Kiteensaari in Melaselänjärvi[8][9]
- Rajasaari in Kokkojärvi[10]
- Kalmasaari in Vuokkijärvi[11]
- Varposaari in Hietajärvi[12]
- Parvajärvensaari in Parvajärvi[13]
- Keuhkosaari in Pukarijärvi / Ozero Pyukharin[14][15]
- Siiheojansuusaari and Tossensaari in Onkamojärvi / Ozero Onkamo[16] [17]
- Between Finland and Norway:
- Between Sweden and Norway:[20]
- Hisön/Hisøya in Norra Kornsjön/Nordre Kornsjø[21]
- Kulleholmen/Kalholmen and Tagholm/Tåkeholmen in Södra Boksjön/Søndre Boksjø[22]
- Salholmen, Mosvikøya, and Trollön in Store Le[23]
- Island in Tannsjøen/Tannsjön[24]
- Linneholmene in Helgesjö[25]
- Jensøya in Holmsjøen[26]
- Storøya in Utgardsjøen[27]
- Fallsjøholmen in Fallsjøen (Nordre Røgden)[28]
- Island in Kroksjøen[29]
- Island in Vonsjøen[30]
- Island in Skurdalssjøen/Kruehkiejaevrie[31]
- Island in a lake at altitude 710m on the Gihcijoka river[32]
- Three islands in Čoarvejávri[33]
- Between
Lithuania and 
Belarus:
- Sosnovec and another nameless island in Lake Drūkšiai[34][35][36][37]
- Between United Kingdom and Ireland:
- Pollatawny in Lough Vearty.[38]
- Between
Ethiopia and 
Djibouti:
- The border between
Austria and 
Hungary cuts across the Neusiedler See/Fertő tó, where the water level fluctuates, sometimes exposing island flats which straddle the border.
- Heixiazi/Bolshoy Ussuriyskiy at the confluence of the Ussuri and Amur rivers, between
People's Republic of China and Russia - Corocoro Island in the delta of the Barima River: split between
Venezuela and 
Guyana[40] - San Jose Island, Rio Negro: between
Colombia and 
Brazil. [41] - The lower reaches of the Ganges[42], Teesta[43], and Brahmaputra[44] Rivers, approaching the Ganges Delta, are braided and contain numerous sand islands called chars[45]. These can be large and inhabited but are impermanent. At any given time, several are likely to straddle the border between India (Assam and West Bengal) and
Bangladesh, though this border is not fully specified. - An island labelled 'Q' in the Maritsa River, between
Greece and Turkey.[46] - An islet in the Uutuanjoki, between Finland and Norway.[47]
- An islet in the Vadet near Tunnsjø, between Norway and Sweden.[48]
- An islet on the western side of the golf course that straddles the municipalities of Tornio in Finland, and Haparanda in Sweden is crossed by the international border.
Other islands have been divided by an international border in the past but are now unified.
The definite borders of modern nation-states do not apply in other forms of societal organisation, where "divided" islands may consequently be less noteworthy. For example, in Ancient Greece, the island of Euboea was divided among several city states, including Chalcis and Eretria; and prior to European settlement, Tasmania was divided between nine indigenous tribes.
Examples of formerly divided islands include:
- Corsica - divided between Pisa and Genoa from an edict of Pope Innocent II in 1132 till the Battle of Meloria in 1284; subsequently part of Genoa, Aragon, Genoa again, and France
- Sardinia - divided into indigenous giudicati from before 900 till the extinction of Arborea in 1420; since when it has been part of Aragon, Spain, Piedmont-Sardinia, and Italy.
- Saaremaa (1237-1570) and Hiiumaa (1254-1563) - Divided between the Livonian Order and the Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek (Denmark after 1560) Subsequently they were part of Denmark (Saaremaa only), Sweden, Imperial Russia, Estonia, the Soviet Union, and Estonia again.
- Tobago - from 1654-1659 had colonies from both Courland and the Netherlands, though both soon failed.[49] Later part of France, Great Britain/United Kingdom, and Trinidad and Tobago.
- Ternate - divided between Spain allied with Tidore and the Netherlands allied with the Sultan of Ternate from 1607 to 1663. Later Dutch and Indonesian.
- Long Island - divided between the Netherlands and England from 1640 (de facto: the founding of Southold) or 1650 (de jure: the Treaty of Hartford) to the surrender of New Netherland in 1664; subsequently English/British and United States.
- Great Britain - Divided prior to 1707, when England and Scotland passed the Acts of Union; since then part of the Kingdom of Great Britain/United Kingdom.
- Newfoundland - Divided between England/Great Britain and France until the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713; subsequently British/independent/Canadian
- Saint Kitts - Divided between England/Great Britain and France from 1626 to the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713; subsequently British/Saint Kitts and Nevis. (Both France and Britain occupied the entire island during various wars before and after 1713.)
- Sakhalin - Divided between Imperial Russia/Soviet Union and the Empire of Japan from the Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905 to the Surrender of Japan in 1945; subsequently wholly part of the Soviet Union/Russian Federation. Japan still regards the sovereignty of this island as undetermined, and it is frequently shown on Japanese maps as 'no man's land'.
- Killiniq Island - divided between Canada and the Colony/Dominion of Newfoundland from the Foundation of Canada in 1867 to its union with Newfoundland in 1949.
- Ankoko Island in the Cuyuni River on the border between Venezuela and British Guiana (now Guyana) was shared until Venezuela annexed the eastern half in 1966 as part of an ongoing border dispute.
- Zhongchan Dao in the Pearl River Delta was divided between China and Macau from the Treaty of Tientsin in 1862 until Macao reverted to China in 1999.
A few former islands have disappeared:
- Vozrozhdeniya Island in the Aral Sea is split between
Uzbekistan and 
Kazakhstan, whose border became an international frontier in 1991 with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. By 2002, the island had become a peninsula owing to the falling water-level in the Aral Sea. - The Bogomerom archipelago in Lake Chad was split between
Chad and 
Nigeria[50]. The water level has always varied, but has now fallen such that this land is now permanently above the shoreline.
- Condominium (international law) - land jointly administered by two states, rather than divided between them.
- List of territorial disputes - includes many islands claimed by multiple countries, but administered by one.
- Green Island (Fortune), Newfoundland - island whose sovereignty is uncertain between Canada (administering) and France (through Saint-Pierre and Miquelon).
- Guantanamo Bay Naval Base - leased indefinitely by United States but with sovereignty retained by
Cuba
- ^ Map of Commune of Schengen (PDF). Commune of Schengen. Retrieved on 2006-12-10.. Coordinates:
- ^ Map of Inakari, the Finnish part of Kataja
- ^ Jacques Boisvert. Province Island. Retrieved on 2006-11-04. “It is the largest island in Lake Memphremagog, being 77 acres, of which 7 acres, are in the United States.”
- ^ Norway-Russia Boundary Map: Boundary markers 167 - 177: Sandneset-Klistervatn (Norwegian/Russian). Norwegian Boundary Commission for the Norway-Russia border. Retrieved on 2007-09-25. — boundary markers #169-172
- ^ Norway-Russia Boundary Map: Boundary markers 7 - 14: Grenseberg-Ødevasselva (Norwegian/Russian). Norwegian Boundary Commission for the Norway-Russia border. Retrieved on 2007-09-25. — boundary markers #12-13 (Korkeasaari) & #14 (unnamed islet) )
- ^ Portion of Nuijamaanjärvi with Äikkäänniemi marked from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Portion of Yla-Tirja with divided islands at markers 93 (Suursaari) and 94 (smaller island) from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Portion of Melaselänjärvi showing Tarraassiinsaari and Härkäsaari from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Portion of Melaselänjärvi showing Kiteensaari from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Portion of Kokkojärvi showing Rajasaari from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Portion of Vuokkijärvi showing Kalmasaari from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Portion of Hietajärvi showing Varposaari from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Portion of Parvajärvi showing Parvajärvensaari from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Office of the Geographer, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (1967-02-01). International Boundary Study No. 74: Finland - U.S.S.R. boundary. United States Department of State, 21. “Hence the frontier runs...to a point on a small unnamed island in Lake Pukarinjarvi between the cape west of the village of Laitela and the Niittysaaryi island.”
- ^ Portion of Pukarijärvi with Keuhkosaari marked from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ International Boundary Study No. 74, page 22. ""The frontier follows the creek down to Lake Onkamojarvi, intersects the small island of Siiheojansuusaai and proceeds in a straight line to the small island of Tossensaari."
- ^ Portion of Onkamojärvi from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland (Siiheojansuusaari is IV/179; Tossonsaari is IV/180)
- ^ Portion of Kivisarijärvi with divided island marked from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Neighborhood of boundary marker 347A, with divided island marked from Citizen's Mapsite of Finland.
- ^ Verified at Norwegian state cartographic agency website (English) (Norwegian) (Northern Sami)
- ^ Hisøya:
- ^ Søndre Boksjø:
- ^ Salholmen: ; Mosvikøya: ; Trollön:
- ^ Tannsjøen Island ("Nr 54" on Norwegian map):
- ^ Linneholmene:
- ^ Jensøya:
- ^ Storøya:
- ^ Fallsjøholmen:
- ^ Kroksjøen's island:
- ^ Vonsjøen's island:
- ^ Skurdalssjøen's island:
- ^ Gihcijoka island:
- ^ Čoarvejávri's islands: largest:; middle:; southern:
- ^ Krogh, Jan S.. Lake Druksiai. Retrieved on 2006-12-10. The international border is marked on the map.
- ^ World Lakes Database: LAKE DRUKSIAI. International lakes environment committee. Retrieved on 2006-12-10. “Number of main islands (name and area): Zamok (0.26 km²), Sosnovec (0.048 km²), Utovec (0.0088 km²) and 5 nameless islands.”
- ^ Bathymetric map of Lake Drūkšiai (GIF). International lakes environment committee. Retrieved on 2006-12-10. Sosnovec is named on this map.
- ^ Coordinates of Lake Drūkšiai:
- ^ Verified against Ordnance Survey of Ireland 6-inch map of the townland of Tober, County Donegal; surveyed 1905-05-05. Coordinates: Irish national grid reference system: G996663
- ^ Office of the Geographer, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (1976-02-20). International Boundary Study No. No. 154 – Djibouti – Ethiopia Boundary. United States Department of State, 8. “From Monument No. 53 on the south bank of Lake Abbe, the border crosses the lake from south to north continuing in a straight line for 30 kilometers. It cuts across the islet of hill 255 off Cape Aleilou.”
- ^ The northern shore of Corocoro is on the open ocean, but it is not truly a sea island as the southern boundary is a freshwater channel. The island is claimed in its entirety by Venezuela.
- ^ Office of the Geographer, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (1985-04-15). International Boundary Study No. 174: Brazil - Colombia boundary. United States Department of State, 8. “The final report allocated all river islands on the basis of the thalweg with the exception of San Jose Island on the Rio Negro which was split between Brazil (southern half) and Colombia.” Co-ordinates:
- ^ See map of Nawabganj District, map of Rajshahi District, and map of Daulatpur upazila of Kushtia District, all in Bangladesh.
- ^ See map of Dilma upazila in Nilphamari District, Bangladesh.
- ^ See map of Kurigram district, Bangladesh.
- ^ Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Banglapedia: "Char". Retrieved on 2006-11-06.
- ^ Office of the Geographer, Bureau of Intelligence and Research (1964-11-23). International Boundary Study No. 41: Greece - Turkey boundary. United States Department of State, 7. “Returning to the median of the Maritsa, [...] the boundary continues [...] to boundary marker No. 24 on the northern end of an island designated "Q". Thence, the boundary line extends a distance of 800.5 feet to marker No. 25 near the center, thence a distance of 1,804 feet to marker No. 26 on the southwestern extremity of island "Q".”
- ^ Map highlighting the islet in the Uutuanjoki from the Citizen's Map Site of Finland
- ^ Islet in the Vadet near Tunnsjø:
- ^ Ramerini, Marco. Dutch and Courlanders in Tobago: A history of the first settlements, 1628-1677. Retrieved on 2007-10-01.
- ^ Office of the Geographer (June 1969). Chad-Nigeria boundary (JPG). United States Department of State. Retrieved on 2006-12-06.
