List of hominina fossils

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following charts give a brief overview of several notable fossil finds relating to human evolution. As there are thousands of fossils, this overview is not meant to be complete, but does show the most important finds. The fossils are arranged by approximate age as determined by radiometric dating and/or incremental dating. The species name represents current consensus, when there is no clear scientific consensus the other possible classifications are indicated; deprecated classifications may be found on the fossil's page. Not all the fossils shown are considered direct ancestors to Homo sapiens but are very closely related to direct ancestors and are therefore important to the study of the lineage.

Contents

Name Age Species Date
discovered		 Place Discovered by
DPC 2803 >31 mya Aegyptopithecus zeuxis Egypt Elwyn Simons
KNM RU 7290 18 mya Proconsul africanus 1948 Kenya Mary Leakey
KNM WK 16999 16-18 mya Afropithecus turkanensis 1986 Kenya Richard Leakey
KNM WK 16950 16-18 mya Turkanapithecus kalakolensis 1986 Kenya Richard Leakey
IGF 11778 8 mya Oreopithecus bambolii 1872 Italy Paul Gervais
IVPP PA644 8 mya Lufengpithecus lufengensis 1978 China
GSP 15000 8 mya Sivapithecus indicus 1979 Pakistan D. Pilbeam and S. M. Ibrahim Shah

Name Age Species Date
discovered		 Place Discovered by
Laetoli footprint
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Laetoli Footprint 3.7 mya Bipedal hominid 1976 Tanzania Mary Leakey
LH 4
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 LH 4 3.6 - 3.8 mya Australopithecus afarensis 1974 Tanzania Mary Leakey
KNM-WT 40000
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 KNM WT 40000 3.5 mya Kenyanthropus platyops 1999 Kenya Justus Erus
Stw 573 (Little foot) 3.3 mya Australopithecus ? 1994 South Africa Ronald J. Clarke
DIK-1 (Selam) 3.3 mya Australopithecus afarensis 2000 Ethiopia Zeresenay Alemseged
AL 200-1 3 - 3.2 mya Australopithecus afarensis 1975 Ethiopia Donald Johanson
AL 129-1 3 - 3.2 mya Australopithecus afarensis 1976 Ethiopia Donald Johanson
K 12 (Abel) Australopithecus bahrelghazali 1995 Chad Michel Brunet
AL 288-1 (Lucy) 3.2 mya Australopithecus afarensis November 30, 1974 Ethiopia Donald Johanson
AL444-2
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 AL 444-2 3 mya Australopithecus afarensis 1991 Ethiopia Bill Kimbel

Name Age Species Date
discovered		 Place Discovered by
STS 5
(Mrs. Ples)		 2.6 - 2.8 mya Australopithecus africanus 1947 South Africa Robert Broom
STS 14
image at Modern
Human Origins		 STS 14 2.6-2.8 mya Australopithecus africanus 1947 South Africa Robert Broom
STS 52
image at Modern
Human Origins		 STS 52 Australopithecus africanus
STS 71 2.5 mya Australopithecus africanus 1947 South Africa Robert Broom
Taung 1
(Taung Child)		 2.5 mya Australopithecus africanus 1924 South Africa Raymond Dart
KNM WT 17000
(The Black Skull)		 2.5 mya Paranthropus aethiopicus 1985 Kenya Alan Walker
TM 1517 2 mya Paranthropus robustus 1938 South Africa Gert Terblanche

Name Age Species Date
discovered		 Place Discovered by
KNM ER 1813 1.9 mya Homo habilis 1973 Kenya Kamoya Kimeu
KNM ER 1470 1.9 mya Homo rudolfensis 1972 Kenya Richard Leakey
SK 48 1.8 mya Paranthropus robustus 1948 South Africa Robert Broom
OH 24
(Twiggy)		 1.8 mya Homo habilis 1968 Tanzania Peter Nzube
OH 8 Image
of hand at
Modern Human
Origins		 OH 8 1.8 mya Homo habilis 1960 Tanzania
OH 5
(Zinj or
nutcracker man)		 1.8 mya Paranthropus boisei 1959 Tanzania Mary Leakey
D 2700 1.8 mya Homo georgicus 2001 Georgia
OH 7 1.75 mya Homo habilis 1960 Tanzania Jonathan Leakey
KNM ER 3733 1.75 mya Homo ergaster 1975 Kenya Bernard Ngeneo
KNM ER 1805 1.74 mya Homo habilis Koobi Fora, Kenya
STW 53
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 StW 53 1.5 - 2 mya Homo habilis 1976 South Africa A. R. Hughes
SK 847
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 SK 847 1.5 - 2 mya Homo habilis 1949 South Africa
DNH 7
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 DNH 7
(Eurydice)		 1.5 - 2 mya Paranthropus robustus 1994 South Africa André Keyser
SK 46 1.5-2 mya Paranthropus robustus 1949 South Africa Robert Broom
OH 13 1.7 mya Homo habilis 1963 Tanzania N. Mbuika
KNM ER 406 1.7 mya Paranthropus boisei 1969 Kenya Richard Leakey
KNM ER 732 1.7 mya Paranthropus boisei 1970 Kenya Richard Leakey
KNM ER 23000
KNM WT 17400 1.7 mya Paranthropus boisei Kenya
KNM WT 15000
(Turkana Boy)		 1.6 mya Homo erectus
or
Homo ergaster		 1984 Kenya Kamoya Kimeu
KNM ER 3883 1.4 - 1.6 mya Homo erectus Kenya Richard Leakey
Peninj Mandible 1.5 mya Paranthropus boisei 1964 Tanzania Richard Leakey
Chellean OH 9
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 OH 9
(Chellean Man)		 1.5 mya Homo erectus 1960 Tanzania Louis Leakey
KNM ER 992 1.5 mya Homo ergaster 1971 Kenya Richard Leakey
KGA 10-525 1.4 mya Paranthropus boisei 1993 Ethiopia A. Amzaye

Name Age Species Date
discovered		 Place Discovered by
Sangiran 4
Sangiran 2
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Sangiran 2 0.7-1.6 mya Homo erectus 1937 Indonesia GHR von Koenigswald
Trinil 2
Pithecanthropus-1
or
Java Man		 .7 - 1 mya Homo erectus 1891 Indonesia Eugene Dubois
Ternifine 2
Sangiran 17
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Sangiran 17 Homo erectus
Hexian PA830
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Hexian Homo erectus
Zhoukoudian XII
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Zhoukoudian Homo erectus
Bodo
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Bodo 600k Homo heidelbergensis
or
Homo erectus		 1976 Ethiopia A. Asfaw
Mauer 1
(Heidelberg Man)		 500k Homo heidelbergensis 1907 Germany
Ndutu
Sale
Arago XXI
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Arago 21
(Tautavel Man)		 400k Homo sapiens
or
Homo heidelbergensis
or
Homo erectus		 1971 France Henry de Lumley
Steinheim
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Steinheim Skull 350k Homo sapiens
or
Homo heidelbergensis		 1933 Germany
Petralona 1
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Petralona 1 250 - 500k Homo sapiens
or
Homo erectus		 1960 Greece
Swanscombe Man 250k Homo sapiens 1935 England Alvan T Marston
Ngandong 7 250k Homo sapiens 1931 Indonesia C. ter Haar and G. H. R. von Koenigswald
Broken Hill 1
(Kabwe Cranium
or
Rhodesian Man)		 125k - 300k Homo rhodesiensis
or
Homo heidelbergensis		 1921 Zambia Tom Zwiglaar
Dali
image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Dali (fossil) 209k Homo sapiens 1978 China Shuntang Liu
LH 18 Homo sapiens 1976 Tanzania Mary Leakey
Omo 1
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Omo 1 190 kya Homo sapiens 1967-1974 Ethiopia Richard Leakey
Omo II
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Omo 2  ? Homo sapiens  ? Ethiopia Richard Leakey
Herto skull
images at
ABC Science		 Herto remains 160 kya Homo sapiens idaltu 1997 - 2003 Middle Awash Ethiopia Tim White
Jebel Irhoud 1 160 kya Homo sapiens circa 1991 Jebel Irhoud, Morocco
Jebel Irhoud 2 160 kya Homo sapiens circa 1991 Jebel Irhoud, Morocco
Jebel Irhoud 3
Mandible
Image at
PhysOrg.com		 Jebel Irhoud 3 160 kya Homo sapiens circa 1991 Jebel Irhoud, Morocco
Jebel Irhoud 4 160 kya Homo sapiens after 1991 Jebel Irhoud, Morocco
Tabun 1
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Tabun C1 120k Homo neanderthalensis 1967-1972 Israel Jelinek

Name Age Species Date
discovered		 Place Discovered by
Klasies
Images at
Modern Human
Origins		 Klasies River Caves 125 ky -75 ky Homo sapiens 1960 onwards South Africa Ray Inskeep, Robin Singer, John Wymer, Hilary Deacon
Krapina C
Images at
Modern Human
Origins		 Krapina 100K Homo neanderthalensis 1899 Croatia Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger
Skhul V 90-100k Homo sapiens 1933 Es Skhul, Mount Carmel, Israel T. McCown and H. Moivus, Jr.
Qafzeh IX/
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Qafzeh IX 90-100k Homo sapiens / Neanderthal 1933 Qafzeh, Israel T. McCown and H. Moivus, Jr.
Skhul IX Homo sapiens ? Es Skhul, Mount Carmel, Israel
Qafzeh VI
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Qafzeh VI 90-100k Homo sapiens 1933 Nazareth, Israel T. McCown and H. Moivus, Jr.
La Ferrassie 1 70k Homo neanderthalensis September 17, 1909 France R. Capitan and D. Peyrony
La Quina 5 Homo neanderthalensis France
La Quina 18 Homo neanderthalensis France
Mount Circeo 1
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Mt. Circeo 1 Homo neanderthalensis 1939 Italy Prof. Blanc
Saccopastore 1
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Saccopastore 1 Homo neanderthalensis Italy
Gibraltar 1
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Gibraltar 1 Homo neanderthalensis Spain
Shanidar 1 60k - 80k Homo neanderthalensis 1961 Iraq Ralph Solecki
Amud 1
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Amud 1 Homo neanderthalensis Israel
Amud 7
Image at
Modern Human
Origins		 Amud 7 Homo neanderthalensis Israel
La Chappelle- aux-Saints 1 60k Homo neanderthalensis August 3, 1908 France A. and J. Bouyssonie and L. Bardon

Name Age Species Date
discovered		 Place Discovered by
Le Moustier 45k Homo neanderthalensis 1909 France
Neanderthal 1
images at
Modern Human
Origins		 Neanderthal 1 40k Homo neanderthalensis 1856 Germany Johann Carl Fuhlrott
Qafzeh VI
images at
Modern Human
Origins		 Jebel Qafzeh 6 Homo sapiens
NG 6 27 - 53k Homo erectus 1931 Indonesia C. ter Haar and GHR von Koenigswald
Hofmeyr Skull 36k Homo sapiens 1952 South Africa
Cro-Magnon 1 30k Homo sapiens 1868 France Louis Lartet
Combe Capelle
Predmosti 3
images at
Modern Human
Origins		 Predmost 3 Homo sapiens
Afalou 13
Wadi Kubbaniya
Wadi Halfa 25
LB 1 (Hobbit) 18k Homo floresiensis or Homo erectus or Homo sapiens 2003 Indonesia
Minatogawa 1
images at
Modern Human
Origins		 Minatogawa 1 16k - 18k Homo sapiens 1970 Japan
Tandou
Kow Swamp 1
images at
Modern Human
Origins		 Kow Swamp 1 9k - 13k Homo sapiens 1968 Australia A.G. Thorne
SDM 16704
Wadjak 1 10k - 12k Homo sapiens 1888 Indonesia Eugene Dubois
Tepexpan 11k Homo sapiens 1947 Mexico H. de Terra
Cerro Sota 2 11k Homo sapiens 1936 Chile Junius Bird
Ötzi the Iceman 3.3k Homo sapiens 1991 Ötztal Alps (between Austria and Italy) Helmut and Erika Simon
Lo 4b
Kerma 27
Five Knolls 18
Humboldt Sink <1500 years Homo sapiens United States
SCDG K102 300 - 400 years Homo sapiens 1982 United States C.S. Larsen

  • AL - Afar Locality, Ethiopia
  • ARA-VP - Aramis Vertebrate Paleontology, Ethiopia
  • BOU-VP - Bouri Vertebrate Paleontology, Ethiopia
  • ER - East (Lake) Rudolf, Kenya
  • KGA - Konso-Gardula, Ethiopia
  • KNM - Kenya National Museum
  • KP - Kanapoi, Kenya
  • OH - Olduvai Hominid, Tanzania
  • SK - Swartkrans, South Africa
  • Sts,Stw - Sterkfontein, South Africa
  • TM - Transvaal Museum, South Africa
  • TM - Toros-Menalla, Chad
  • WT - West (Lake) Turkana, Kenya

  • Tattersall, Ian, Schwartz, Jeffery (2000). Extinct Humans. Westview Press, Boulder CO. ISBN 0-8133-3482-9. 
  • Larsen, Clark Spencer, Matter, Robert M, Gebo, Daniel L (1991). Human Origins: the fossil record. Waveland Press, Prospect Heights, IL. ISBN 0-88133-575-4. 
v • d • e
Part of the series on Human evolution

Sahelanthropus tchadensis • Orrorin tugenensis • Ardipithecus

Australopithecus: A. anamensis • A. afarensis • A. bahrelghazali • A. africanus • A. garhi

Paranthropus: P. aethiopicus • P. boisei • P. robustus

Humans and Proto-humans

Kenyanthropus platyops

Homo: H. habilis • H. rudolfensis • H. georgicus • H. ergaster • H. erectus (H. e. lantianensis • H. e. palaeojavanicus • H. e. pekinensis • H. e. soloensis) • H. cepranensis • H. antecessor • H. heidelbergensis • H. neanderthalensis • H. rhodesiensis • H. floresiensis • Homo sapiens (H. s. idaltu • H. s. sapiens)

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