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The Lutheran Church in America (LCA) was a U.S. Lutheran church body that existed from 1962 to 1987. It was headquartered in New York City and its publishing house was Fortress Press.

Theologically, the LCA was often considered the most liberal and ecumenical branch in American Lutheranism. In church governance, the LCA was clerical and centralized, in contrast to the Congregationalist or "low church" strain in American Protestant Christianity. Among the Lutheran churches in America, the LCA was thus the one that was most similar to the established Lutheran churches in Europe.

The LCA ordained the country's first female Lutheran pastor, the Rev. Elizabeth Platz, in November 1970. It subsequently ordained the nation's first female African American Lutheran pastor (1979), first Latina Lutheran pastor (1979), and first female Asian American Lutheran pastor (1982).

During the late 1950s and early 1960s, many of the independent U.S. Lutheran church bodies moved progressively toward greater unity. In 1960, for example, a number of such bodies joined to form the American Lutheran Church.

The Lutheran Church in America was another product of these trends, forming in 1962 out of a merger among the following independent Lutheran denominations:

• The United Lutheran Church in America (ULCA), established in 1918 with the merger of three independent German synods: the General Synod, the General Council and the United Synod of the South.
• The Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church (Suomi Synod), established in 1890.
• The American Evangelical Lutheran Church, traditionally a Danish-American Lutheran denomination, established in 1872.
• The Augustana Evangelical Lutheran Church, traditionally a Swedish-American Lutheran denomination, established in 1860.

The merger was largely engineered through the efforts of Franklin Clark Fry, who had served as president of the United Lutheran Church in America since 1944 and president of the Lutheran World Federation since 1957. Fry was known by contemporaries as "Mr. Protestant," a moniker that captured his tireless work on behalf of greater unity among Protestant church bodies. Upon its inception in 1962, the LCA became the largest Lutheran church body in the United States.

On January 1, 1988, the Lutheran Church in America ceased to exist when it, along with the American Lutheran Church and the Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches, joined together to form the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA), today the largest Lutheran church body in the United States. At the time of the merger, the LCA remained the largest Lutheran church body in the United States, and it brought approximately 2.85 million members into the ELCA.

• 1962-1968 Franklin Clark Fry
• 1968-1978 Robert J. Marshall
• 1978-1987 James R. Crumley, Jr.