Macrophage Inflammatory Protein

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3
Identifiers
Symbol	CCL3 SCYA3, MIP-1α
HUGO	10627
Entrez	6348
OMIM	182283
RefSeq	NM_002983
UniProt	P10147
PDB	1B50
Other data
Locus	Chr. 17 q12

chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4
Identifiers
Symbol	CCL4 SCYA4, MIP-1β, LAG1
HUGO	10630
Entrez	6351
OMIM	182284
RefSeq	NM_002984
UniProt	P13236
PDB	1HUM
Other data
Locus	Chr. 17 q21-q23

Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIP) belong to the family of chemotactic cytokines known as chemokines. In humans, there are two major forms, MIP-1α and MIP-1β that are now officially named CCL3 and CCL4 respectively. Both are major factors produced by macrophages after they are stimulated with bacterial endotoxins.^[1] They activate human granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils) which can lead to acute neutrophilic inflammation. They also induce the synthesis and release of other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6 and TNF-α from fibroblasts and macrophages. The genes for CCL3 and CCL4 are both located on human chromosome 17.^[2]

^ Sherry et al. Resolution of the two components of macrophage inflammatory protein 1, and cloning and characterization of one of those components, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta. J. Exp. Med. 168: 2251-2259, 1988.
^ Irving et al. Two inflammatory mediator cytokine genes are closely linked and variably amplified on chromosome 17q. Nucleic Acids Res. 18: 3261-3270, 1990.