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Manuel Estabillo Arguilla (1911-1944) was an Ilokano writer in English, patriot, and martyr.

He is known for his widely anthologized short story "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife," the main story in the collection "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife and Other Short Stories" which won first prize in the Commonwealth Literary Contest in 1940.

His stories "Midsummer" and "Heat" was published in the United States by the Prairie Schooner.

Most of Arguilla's stories depict scenes in Barrio Nagrebcan, Bauang, La Union where he was born. His bond with his birthplace, forged by his dealings with the peasant folk of Ilocos, remained strong even after he moved to Manila where he studied at the University of the Philippines where he finished BS Education in 1933 and where he became a member and later the president of the U.P. Writer's Club and editor of the university's Literary Apprentice.

He married Lydia Villanueva, another talented writer in English, and they lived in Ermita, Manila.

He became a creative writing teacher at the University of Manila and later worked at the Bureau of Public Welfare as managing editor of the bureau's publication Welfare Advocate until 1943. He was later appointed to the Board of Censors. He secretly organized a guerrilla intelligence unit against the Japanese.

In October 1944, he was captured, tortured and executed by the Japanese army at Fort Santiago.

• Short Stories: "How My Brother Leon Brought Home a Wife," "Midsummer," "Heat," "Morning in Nagrebcan," "Ato," "A Son Is Born," "The Strongest Man," "Mr. Alisangco," "Though Young He Is Married," "The Maid, the Man, and the Wife," "Elias," "Imperfect Farewell," "Felisa," "The Long Vacation," "Caps and Lower Case," "The Socialists," "Epilogue to Revolt," "Apes and Men," "Rice"

• Dictionary of Philippine Biography, Volume 3, Filipiniana Publications, Quezon City, 1986
• Filipino Writers in English by Florentino B. Valeros and Estrellita V. Gruenberg, New Day Publishers, Quezon City, 1987
• "Maysa a Ruknoy ken ni Manuel E. Arguilla," RIMAT Magazine, Quezon City, October 2004