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Midrash Iyyob (Hebrew: מדרש איוב) or Midrash to Job is an aggadic midrash that is no longer extent. However, it can be doubted no longer that the old authors possessed a midrash to the Book of Job.

Extracts with express reference to the source Midrash Iyyob are found to Job i. 14 (in the Yalḳuṭ Makiri to Isa. lxi. 11), to Job i. 6 (in a MS. commentary of Rashi to Job), to Job i. 1 and iv. 12 (in a MS. Maḥzor commentary; both these commentaries were in the possession of Abraham Epstein, in Vienna; comp. Ha-Ḥoḳer, i. 325), to Job vii. 9 (in the Recanati to Gen. iii. 23), to Job ii. 1 ([?]; in the Recanati—according to the statement in "Rab Pe'alim," p. 34), to Job iv. 10 (in Yalḳ. Shim'oni, ii. 897). The extracts found in the Yalḳuṭ Makiri to Ps. li. 7 and Ps. cxlvi. 4 with the source-reference "Midrash" and referring to Job iii. 2 and xxxviii. 1, are, perhaps, likewise taken from the Midrash Iyyob, as are many passages in the Job commentaries of Samuel b. Nissim Masnuth (Ma'yan Gannim, Berlin, 1889) and Isaac b. Solomon (Constantinople, 1545). The extracts and quotations from Midrash Iyyob have been collected by Wertheimer (Leḳeṭ Midrashim, Jerusalem, 1903; comp. also Zunz, G. V. p. 270; Brüll's Jahrb. v.-vi. 99).

Strack & Stemberger (1991) cite an opinion attributing Midrash Iyyov to the amora Hoshaiah Rabbah (3rd century), although this dating is as yet highly uncertain. According to Zunz, there are also evidences of the existence of midrashim to Ezra and Chronicles (ib. p. 271). For the Midrash al Yithallel, to Jer. ix. 22 and to the Hallel Midrash, see Smaller Midrashim.

• This article incorporates text from the 1901–1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, a publication now in the public domain.

• Strack, H.L. & G. Stemberger (1991), Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash, Edinburgh: T&T Clark