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Province of Misamis Oriental
Provincial seal of Misamis Oriental
Map of the Philippines with Misamis Oriental highlighted
Region	Northern Mindanao (Region X)
Capital	Cagayan de Oro City
Divisions
- Highly urbanized cities	1
- Component cities	2
- Municipalities	23
- Barangays	502
- Congressional districts	2
Population	19th largest
- Total (2000)	1,126,215
- Density	315/km² (17th highest)
Area	36th largest
- Total	3,570.0 km²
Founded
Spoken languages	Cebuano
Governor	Oscar Moreno (Lakas-CMD/PaDayon Pilipino)

Misamis Oriental is a province of the Philippines located in the Northern Mindanao region. Its capital and provincial center is Cagayan de Oro. The province borders Lanao del Norte and Bukidnon to the south, the Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur to the east, and to the north is Bohol Sea with the island-province of Camiguin just off its northern shore.

The province is host to different types of industries such as agricultural, forest, steel, metal, chemical, mineral, rubber and food processing. It is home to the 30 square kilometre PHIVIDEC Industrial Estate and the Mindanao International Container Port, all located in Tagoloan. Del Monte Foods, which exports pineapples all over the Asia-Pacific region has a processing plant in Cagayan de Oro City.

Located in Northern Mindanao, it is bordered by the Provinces of Bukidnon to the south, Agusan del Norte to the east and Lanao del Norte to the west. On the north lies Camiguin Island in the Bohol Sea.

Misamis Oriental is subdivided into 23 municipalities and 3 cities.

• Cagayan de Oro
• Gingoog
• El Salvador

The capital city, Cagayan De Oro, administers independently of Misamis Oriental, although it is the province's capital city.

Misamis Oriental used to be a part of Cebu. In 1818, it became a "conregimento" comprised of 4 "partidos" or divisions; namely, Partido de MIsamis, Partido de Dapitan, Partido de Cagayan and Partido de Catarman. During the latter part of the 19th century, Misamis was one of the 6 districts of Mindanao, and later, one of the seven districts in Mindanao and Sulu at the close of the Spanish era with Cagayan de Misamis, now Cagayan de Oro, as its capital. When it was still a part of the district of Cebu, there were 12 Spaniards and 9 Filipinos who successively served as "governadore" with Mayor Carabello as the first governor in 1874.

Legislative Act. No. 3537, approved in November 2, 1929, divided the province of Misamis into two provinces due to the lack of geographical contiguity: Misamis Oriental and Misamis Occidental. However, it was not until 10 years later that the division was implemented by an amendment, Act. No. 3777, adopted on November 28, 1939. When Misamis Oriental became a separate province, Don Gregorio Pelaez was its first Governor. Since then, there were 14 past governors who were elected and appointed by operation of law.

The earliest known settlers of the territory were the Negritoes. Centuries later, Austronesian colonists fought the natives for the control of the rich Cagayan River coastal plains. The struggle for possession has finally won the native Visayans over the Bukidnons. In the 1500s most of the Mindanao area had fallen under the Muslim and the inhabitants were converted into Islam. As part of Mindanao, the people of the territory were obliged to pay tribute to the Muslim rule.

• Misamis Oriental Provincial Website
• Cagayan de Oro Socio-Economic Profile
• Cagayan De Oro Tourist and Travel Guide

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Coordinates: 8°45′N, 125°00′E