N-type calcium channel

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

calcium channel, voltage-dependent, N type, alpha 1B subunit
Identifiers
Symbol CACNA1B CACNL1A5
HUGO 1389
Entrez 774
OMIM 601012
RefSeq NM_000718
UniProt Q00975
Other data
Locus Chr. 9 q34
Illustration of the major elements in a prototypical synapse. Synapses allow nerve cells to communicate with one another through axons and dendrites, converting electrical impulses into chemical signals.
Illustration of the major elements in a prototypical synapse. Synapses allow nerve cells to communicate with one another through axons and dendrites, converting electrical impulses into chemical signals.
Neuron A (transmitting) to neuron B (receiving)1. Mitochondrion 2. Synaptic vesicle with neurotransmitters 3. Autoreceptor4. Synapse with neurotransmitter released (serotonin) 5. Postsynaptic receptors activated by neuro-transmitter (induction of a postsynaptic potential) 6. Calcium channel7. Exocytosis of a vesicle8. Recaptured neurotransmitter
Neuron A (transmitting) to neuron B (receiving)
1. Mitochondrion
2. Synaptic vesicle with neurotransmitters
3. Autoreceptor
4. Synapse with neurotransmitter released (serotonin)
5. Postsynaptic receptors activated by neuro-transmitter (induction of a postsynaptic potential)
6. Calcium channel
7. Exocytosis of a vesicle
8. Recaptured neurotransmitter

The N-type calcium channel is a type of voltage-dependent calcium channel. Like the others of this class, the α1 subunit is the one that determines most of the channel's properties.

N-type ('N' for neuron) calcium channels are found primarily at presynaptic terminals and are involved in neurotransmitter release. Strong depolarization by an action potential causes these channels to open and allow influx of Ca2+, initiating vesicle fusion and release of stored neurotransmitter. N-type channels are blocked by ω-conotoxin.

The analgesic drug ziconotide inhibits N-type channels.

v • d • e
Membrane transport protein: ion channels

Stretch-activated ion channel - Ligand-gated ion channel - Voltage-gated ion channel

Ca: Voltage-dependent calcium channel (L-type/CACNA1C, N-type, P-type, Q-type, R-type, T-type) - Inositol triphosphate receptor - Ryanodine receptor - Cation channels of sperm

Na: Sodium channel: SCN4A - SCN5A - SCN9A - Epithelial sodium channel

K: Potassium channel: Voltage-gated (KvLQT1, HERG, Shaker gene, KCNE1) - Calcium-activated (BK channel, SK channel) - Inward-rectifier (ROMK, KCNJ2) - Tandem pore domain/Resting ion channel

Cl: Chloride channel: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

Transient receptor potential (TRPV6) - Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel - Two-pore channel

Porin: Aquaporin (1, 2, 3, 4)

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