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The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) is one of five original centers in the National Science Foundation's Supercomputer Centers Program and a unit of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The center was founded when a group of University of Illinois faculty, led by Larry Smarr, sent an unsolicited proposal to the National Science Foundation in 1983. The foundation announced funding for the supercomputer centers in 1985; the first supercomputer at the Center came online in January 1986.

Initially, NCSA's administrative offices were housed in the Water Resources Building. NCSA is now headquartered within its own building after being scattered around the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The new NCSA Building is directly north of the Siebel Center for Computer Science. The Center's array of supercomputers remains housed at the Advanced Computation Building.

NCSA is a unique state-federal partnership to develop and deploy national-scale cyberinfrastructure that advances science and engineering. Support for NCSA comes from the National Science Foundation, the state of Illinois, the University of Illinois, private sector partners, and other federal agencies. NCSA works with universities and colleges, government agencies, companies and schools to discover the benefits of cyberinfrastructure.

Contents 1 Supercomputing capabilities 2 History 2.1 Mosaic 2.2 Movies/Visualization 2.3 Thom Dunning, Director 3 Private business partners 4 See also 5 External links 6 References

NCSA provides leading-edge computing, data storage, and visualization resources. NCSA computational and data environment implements a multi-architecture hardware strategy to support high-end users and communities on the architectures best-suited to their requirements. The major computing systems in production at NCSA include four clusters, three of which are for use of the National Science Foundation community, and two shared memory machines, both of which are for use by the NSF community. In 2006, NCSA provided more than 717 million normalized units (NUs) to the NSF research and education community. Nearly 1,360 scientists, engineers and students used the computing and data systems at NCSA to support research in more than 830 projects. A list of NCSA hardware is available at NCSA Capabilities

Since NCSA opened its doors in January 1986, the bottom line has always been helping researchers get their work done and propelling science toward its next discovery. Some milestones in NCSA's history include the release of image and Datascope in 1988; Black Hole simulations and the development of LIGO in 1992; the release of Mosaic in 1993; tracking of the Hale-Bopp Comet in 1997; and the creation of a Playstation 2 Cluster in 2003. See the complete history of NCSA's inception, growth and overall impact on science and engineering in its 20-year history here.

The Mosaic web browser, the first graphical Web browser which played an important part in expanding the growth of the World Wide Web and the Internet, was written by Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina at NCSA. Andreessen and Bina went on to develop the Netscape Web browser. Mosaic was later licensed to Spyglass who provided the foundation for Internet Explorer.

NCSA's visualization department is maybe the most well-known sector around the country and world. Donna Cox, leader of the Visualization Division at NCSA and a professor in the School of Art and Design at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and her team have thrilled millions of people with visualizations for the Oscar-nominated IMAX film "Cosmic Voyage," the PBS NOVAepisodes "Hunt for the Supertwister" and "Runaway Universe," as well as Discovery Channel documentaries and pieces for CNN and NBC Nightly News. Cox and NCSA worked with the American Museum of Natural History to produce high-resolution visualizations for the Hayden Planetarium's 2000 Millennium show, "Passport to the Universe," and for "The Search for Life: Are We Alone?" She produced visualizations for the Hayden's "Big Bang Theatre" and is currently working with the Denver Museum of Nature and Science to produce high-resolution data-driven visualizations of terabytes of scientific data for a digital dome program on black holes.

Thom Dunning, the Director of NCSA, has a long list of achievements and leadership positions within different technological groups across the country. Dunning studied as an undergraduate at the University of Missouri–Rolla, a well-known engineering school, and went on to earn a PhD at the California Institute of Technology. He later went on to work at the University of Tennessee, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the United States Department of Energy and the Argonne National Laboratory.    

Companies that have done business with NCSA include^[1] :

• Abaqus
• ACNielsen
• Allstate Insurance
• American Airlines
• AT&T
• Boeing Phantom Works
• Caterpillar Inc.
• Dell Inc.
• Dow Chemical
• Eastman Kodak
• Eli Lilly and Company
• Exxon Mobil
• FMC Corporation
• Ford
• IBM
• Innerlink
• John Deere
• JP Morgan Chase & Co.
• Kellogg
• Kodak
• McDonnell Douglas Corp.
• Motorola
• Phillips Petroleum Company
• Schlumberger
• Sears
• Shell Oil
• Tribune Company
• United Technologies

• Cyberinfrastructure
• NCSA Telnet
• NCSA HTTPd
• Mosaic (web browser)
• The Beckman Institute
• Coordinated Sciences Laboratory
• University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

• NCSA website
• Oakridge National Laboratory Review
• ECE Deparment at UIUC
• Visualization on NOVA

1. ^ Larry Smarr's testimony before US House of Representatives