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National Museum of Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The National Museum of Ireland (NMI) is the national museum in Ireland. It has three centres in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.
Archaeology and History section on Kildare Street includes the Ardagh Chalice and the Tara Brooch, both especially famous examples of early medieval metalwork in Ireland, as well as prehistoric ornaments from the Bronze Age in Ireland. Many of these pieces were found in the nineteenth century by peasants or agricultural labourers, when population expansion led to cultivation of land which had not been touched since the middle ages. Indeed, only for the intervention of George Petrie of the Royal Irish Academy, and likeminded individuals from the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, most of the metalwork would have been melted down for the intrinsic value of its materials, as did frequently happen despite their efforts. Contemporary Irish are more tuned to their heritage, as can be seen in the example of the Irish Bog Psalter, which was discovered and reported by an alert machine operator in July 2006.
The Museums of both institutions formed the basis for the Archaeology and History section of the Museum at Kildare Street. This is the original site opened in 1890 as the Dublin Museum of Science and Art in the building designed by Thomas Newenham Deane and his son, Thomas Manly Deane. This site also included Leinster House until 1922, now the home of the Oireachtas.
Country Life is the most recent part of the museum to be opened. It is located in Castlebar, in County Mayo, and was opened in 2001. Much of the material in this site dates from rural Ireland in the 1930s and shows the characteristics of ordinary life at this time.
Decorative Arts and History, including the Great Seal of the Irish Free State, is kept at the Collins Barracks site, this is a former military barracks named after Michael Collins in 1922. This site opened in 1997 and is the administrative centre.
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The Natural History Museum is on Merrion Street in Dublin and houses specimens of animals from around the world. Its collection and Victorian appearance have not changed significantly since the early 20th century.
- Short Histories of Irish Barracks by Patrick Denis O'Donnell, in An Cosantoir (Journal of the Irish Defence Forces), 1969-1973.
- Dublin’s Collins Barracks over the years, by Patrick Denis O'Donnell in Hollybough, December 1994.
- Dublin Barracks — A Brief History of Collins Barracks, by Mairead Dunleavy, National Museum of Ireland, 2002 (largely based on work by PD O'Donnell, as acknowledged in Preface and Acknowledgements).