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Elastase 2, neutrophil
PDB rendering based on 1b0f.
Available structures: 1b0f, 1h1b, 1hne, 1ppf, 1ppg
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	ELA2; HLE; HNE; NE; PMN-E
External IDs	OMIM: 130130 MGI: 2679229 Homologene: 20455
Gene Ontology Molecular Function: • serine-type endopeptidase activity • peptidase activity • bacterial binding • cytokine binding • elastase activity Cellular Component: • extracellular region • cell surface Biological Process: • proteolysis • cellular calcium ion homeostasis • phagocytosis • response to UV • protein catabolic process • positive regulation of MAPK activity • negative regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process • negative regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process • positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process • positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation • negative regulation of inflammatory response • leukocyte migration • negative regulation of chemotaxis
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1991	50701
Ensembl	ENSG00000197561	ENSMUSG00000020125
Uniprot	P08246	Q9Z284
Refseq	NM_001972 (mRNA) NP_001963 (protein)	NM_015779 (mRNA) NP_056594 (protein)
Location	Chr 19: 0.8 - 0.81 Mb	Chr 10: 79.29 - 79.29 Mb
Pubmed search	[1]	[2]

Neutrophil elastase (or leukocyte elastase) is a type of enzyme that acts as a platelet activator. It consists of five exons. It is one of the two human forms of elastase.

The neutrophil form of elastase (EC 3.4.21.37) is 218 amino acids long, with two asparagine-linked carbohydrate chains (see glycosylation). It is present in azurophil granules in the neutrophil cytoplasm. There appear to be two forms of neutrophil elastase, termed IIa and IIb.

Neutrophil elastase is an important protease enzyme that when expressed aberrantly can cause emphysema or emphysematous changes. This involves breakdown of the lung structure and increased airspaces.

Elastases form a subfamily of serine proteases that hydrolyze many proteins in addition to elastin. Humans have six elastase genes which encode the structurally similar proteins elastase 1, 2, 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B. Elastase 2 hydrolyzes proteins within specialized neutrophil lysosomes, called azurophil granules, as well as proteins of the extracellular matrix following the protein's release from activated neutrophils. Elastase 2 may play a role in degenerative and inflammatory diseases by its proteolysis of collagen-IV and elastin of the extracellular matrix. This protein degrades the outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of E. coli as well as the virulence factors of such bacteria as Shigella, Salmonella and Yersinia. Mutations in this gene are associated with cyclic neutropenia and severe congenital neutropenia (SCN). This gene is clustered with other serine protease gene family members, azurocidin 1 and proteinase 3 genes, at chromosome 19pter. All 3 genes are expressed coordinately and their protein products are packaged together into azurophil granules during neutrophil differentiation.^[1]

• Elastase

• MeSH Neutrophil+Elastase

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