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New American Standard Bible
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| New American Standard Bible | |
|---|---|
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| Full name: | New American Standard Bible |
| Abbreviation: | NASB or NAS |
| NT published: | 1963 |
| OT published: | 1971 |
| Textual Basis: | NT: High Correspondence to the 23rd edition of the Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece. OT: Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia with Septuagint influence. |
| Translation type: | Formal Equivalence |
| Reading Level: | High School |
| Version Revised: | American Standard Version (ASV) |
| Copyright status: | (C) the Lockman Foundation, 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977, 1995 |
| Online address: | http://lockman.org |
| Genesis 1:1-3 | |
| In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was formless and void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters.Then God said, "Let there be light"; and there was light. | |
| John 3:16 | |
| For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life. | |
The New American Standard Bible (NASB) is an English translation of the Bible. The New Testament was first published in 1963. The complete Bible was published in 1971.[1] The most recent edition of the NASB text was published in 1995. Copyright and trademark to the NASB text are owned by the Lockman Foundation.[2]
The NASB was published in the following stages
- Gospel of John (1960)
- The Gospels (1962)
- New Testament (1963)
- Psalms (1968)
- Complete Bible, Old and New Testaments (1971)
- Modified Editions (1972, 1973, 1975, 1977)
- Updated Edition (1995)
Contents |
The New American Standard Bible is widely regarded as one of the most literally translated of 20th-century English Bible translations.[3] According to the NASB's preface, the translators had a "Fourfold Aim" in this work:
- These publications shall be true to the original Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek.
- They shall be grammatically correct.
- They shall be understandable.
- They shall give the Lord Jesus Christ His proper place, the place which the Word gives Him; therefore, no work will ever be personalized.
As its name implies, the NASB is a revision of the American Standard Version of 1901. This translation was begun as an alternative to the Revised Standard Version (1946-1952/1971), itself a revision of the ASV, but considered by many to be theologically liberal. Using the ASV as its English base, the NASB's translators went back to established Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts and revised the ASV as literally as possible.
The Hebrew text used for this translation was the third edition of Rudolf Kittel's Biblia Hebraica, as well as the Dead Sea Scrolls. The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia was consulted for the 1995 revision. For Greek, Eberhard Nestle's Novum Testamentum Graece was used; the 23rd edition in the 1971 original, and the 26th in the 1995 revision.
Seeing the need for a literal, modern translation of the English Bible, the translators sought to produce a contemporary English Bible while maintaining a word-for-word translation style. In cases where word-for-word literalness was determined to be unacceptable for modern readers, changes were made in the direction of more current idioms. In such instances, the more literal renderings were indicated in footnotes.
The greatest perceived strength of the NASB is its reliability and fidelity to the original languages, which, along with other literal translations, also allows for ambiguities in the text's meaning. Its corresponding weakness is that its readability and literary style sometimes prove confusing to the average reader. In addition, its printing of verses as individual units instead of paragraphs makes the text appear fragmented (though more recent editions are available in paragraph format).
In 1995, the Lockman Foundation reissued the NASB text as the NASB Updated Edition (or more often, the Updated NASB or NASB95). Since then, it has become known simply as the "NASB" and has supplanted the 1971 text in most current printings (although the Thompson Chain Reference Bibles, the Open Bibles, and the Key Word Study Bibles still use the 1977 edition for their NASB Bibles).
In removing or replacing literal renderings of antiquated phrases and words, and many conjunctions, the current edition is slightly less literal than the original.[citation needed] It has introduced inclusive language in about 85 places.[citation needed] The NASB remains, however, the most literal version of the English Bible commonly used in churches today.[citation needed] It is commonly used in many Christian colleges and seminaries for in-depth study, because of its strict adherence to the original languages.[citation needed]
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| Old English (pre-1066) |
| Middle English (1066-1500) |
| Early Modern English (1500-1800) |
| Modern Christian (1800-) |
| Modern Jewish (1853-) |
| Miscellaneous |
- ^ The New American Standard Bible (HTML). The Most Literal is Now More Readable. The Lockman Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-12-14.
- ^ Permission to Quote Copyright & Trademark Information (HTML). The Lockman Foundation. Retrieved on 2007-12-14.
- ^ Pope, Christopher. Comparing Bible Translations: Conclusions. Retrieved on 2007-11-25.
- Marlowe, Michael D. (Oct 2002). "New American Standard Bible". Retrieved March 19, 2005.
- The Lockman Foundation (1995). "Preface to the New American Standard Bible". Retrieved March 19, 2005.
- The Lockman Foundation. "New American Standard Bible". Retrieved April 13, 2006.
- The Lockman Foundation. "Translation Principles". Retrieved April 13, 2006.
- Ryken, Leland (2002). The Word of God in English. Wheaton, IL: Crossway. ISBN 1-58134-464-3
- About the NASB
- A Critical Analysis of the NASB
- A searchable, online version of the NASB at gospelcom.net
- Zondervan NASB Profile
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| Old English (pre-1066) |
| Middle English (1066-1500) |
| Early Modern English (1500-1800) |
| Modern Christian (1800-) |
| Modern Jewish (1853-) |
| Miscellaneous |
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| Middle English | Wycliffe |
| 16th-17th century | Tyndale · Coverdale · Matthew · Great Bible · Taverner · Geneva · Bishops' Bible · Douay-Rheims · King James |
| 18th-19th century | Challoner · Young's Literal · Revised Version |
| 20th century | American Standard · Rotherham's Emphasized · Revised Standard · Jerusalem · New American · New English Bible · New American Standard · Living Bible · Good News · New International · New King James · New Revised Standard · Revised English · Contemporary English · New Century · New Living |
| 21st century | English Standard · The Message · Holman Christian Standard · Today's New International · New English Translation · World English · International Standard |