New Orleans Rhythm Kings
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The New Orleans Rhythm Kings (nicknamed NORK) were one of the most influential jazz bands of the early-to-mid 1920s. The band was a combination of New Orleans and Chicago musicians most famous for their residency in Chicago, where they helped shape Chicago Style Jazz and influenced many younger musicians.
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In 1919, New Orleans-born cornetist Paul Mares travelled to Chicago and played with, among other performers, childhood friend and trombonist George Brunies. The pair got a job performing on a Mississippi riverboat, the S.S. Capitol. It was there that they were reunited with clarinetist Leon Roppolo, another childhood friend from New Orleans. The trio soon recruited pianist Elmer Schobel, drummer Frank Snyder, bassist Alfred Loyacano, and banjoist Louis Black and in 1922, began a 17-month engagement at the Friar's Inn in Chicago. The group adopted the name of the club for their own name—The Friar's Society Orchestra—but changed it to New Orleans Rhythm Kings, which had been the name of Roppolo's former band when he travelled with vaudeville artist Bee Palmer.[1][2]
While at the Friar's Inn, the group attracted the interest not only of fans, but of other musicians. Cornetist Bix Beiderbecke, who had been sent to school in Chicago by his parents in the hopes of removing any jazz influences, regularly attended New Orleans Rhythm Kings shows. He was often allowed to perform with the band.[3]
The group recorded a series of records for Gennett Records in 1922 and 1923. On two of these sessions, they were joined by pianist and composer Jelly Roll Morton. (The session with Morton has sometimes been incorrectly called the first mixed-race recording session[1]; actually there were several earlier examples.)
Despite being one of the best regarded bands in Chicago, their hot New Orleans style was not to everyone's liking. The club management pushed the band heavily to go to the more arranged nationally popular style of dance band "jazz" typified by the Paul Whiteman Orchestra. Unable to find regular work at a club that would leave them to do what they did best, the band broke up. George Brunies snapped up a lucrative offer from the nationally famous Ted Lewis Band. Mares and Roppolo headed east together to try their luck in New York City.
Mares, Roppolo, and Martin reformed the band back in New Orleans, where they made more recordings for Okeh and Victor in early 1925.
Various former members of the original New Orleans Rhythm Kings revived the band's name at various times from the 1930s through the 1950s.
Compositions and arrangements by the New Orleans Rhythm Kings continue to be played by "Traditional Jazz" or "Dixieland" bands all over the world today; some of their famous contributions to the repertory include "Milenburg Joys," "Farewell Blues," and "Tin Roof Blues."
- "Chink" Martin Abraham, string bass, tuba
- Leo Adde, drums
- Lester Bouchon, saxophone
- Steve Brown, string bass
- George Brunies, trombone
- Charlie Cordilla, clarinet, saxophone
- Bill Eastwood, banjo
- Emmett Hardy, cornet
- Arthur "Monk" Hazel, drums
- Glyn Lea "Red" Long, piano
- Arnold "Deacon" Loyacano (Loiacono), string bass, piano
- Oscar Marcour, violin
- Paul Mares, trumpet, leader
- Santo Pecora, trombone
- Leon Roppolo, clarinet
- Louis 'Lou' Black, banjo
- Voltaire de Faut, clarinet, saxophone
- Bob Gillette, banjo
- Husk O'Hare, promoter
- Don Murray, clarinet, saxophone
- Bee Palmer, vocalist
- Jack Pettis, saxophone
- Kyle Pierce, piano
- Ben Pollack, drums
- Elmer Schoebel, piano, arranger
- Glen Scoville, saxophone
- Frank Snyder, drums
- Mel Stizel, piano
- ^ a b New Orleans Rhythm Kings biography. The Red Hot Jazz Archive. Retrieved June 29, 2006.
- ^ " Friars Society Orchestra / New Orleans Rhythm Kings" Starr-Gennett Foundation, Inc. Retrieved June 29, 2006.
- ^ Ward, Geoffrey C. and Ken Burns. Jazz: A History of America's Music. Alfred A. Knopf, 2005. ISBN 0-679-76539-5