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Nymphaeales
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Nymphaeales is a botanical name at the rank of order. When recognized, it includes water lilies and sometimes other aquatic plants. This order is not part of the APG II system's 2003 plant classification (unchanged from the APG system of 1998). It is recognized by some systems of plant taxonomy, but others use different placements for the families in this order. In particular some plant systematists using the APG II system now use this order and circumscribe it to include the Nymphaeaceae and Cabombaceae.
This order is considered to be a basal, or early diverging, group of angiosperms. The families of this order are united by being families of aquatic herbs and are known from the fossil record as early as the Lower Cretaceous.
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The Cronquist system, of 1981, placed it in subclass Magnoliidae, in class Magnoliopsida [=dicotyledons] of division Magnoliophyta [=angiosperms]. It used this circumscription:
- order Nymphaeales
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- family Nelumbonaceae
- family Nymphaeaceae
- family Barclayaceae
- family Cabombaceae
- family Ceratophyllaceae
The Thorne system (1992) placed it in superorder Nymphaeanae in subclass Magnoliideae [=dicotyledons] in class Magnoliopsida [=angiosperms]. It used this circumscription:
- order Nymphaeales
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- family Cabombaceae
- family Nymphaeaceae
The Dahlgren system placed it in superorder Nymphaeanae, in subclass Magnoliideae [=dicotyledons], in class Magnoliopsida [=angiosperms]. It used this circumscription:
- order Nymphaeales
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- family Cabombaceae
- family Nymphaeaceae
- family Ceratophyllaceae
- Simpson, M.G. Plant Systematics. Elsevier Academic Press. 2006.