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Oncorhynchus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Oncorhynchus is a genus of the family, Salmonidae. The name of the genus is derived from the Greek onkos ("hook") and rynchos (nose") and contains the Pacific salmon and trout species. Fossils of Oncorhynchus document a minimum age of 6 million years for the modern species of Pacific trout and salmon. Pacific salmon usually refers to the Oncorhynchus species. This includes but is not limited to the coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and to the cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki and Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi).
Unlike the Atlantic salmon, the majority of anadromous Oncorhynchus species die after spawning.
- O. aguabonita - Golden trout
- O. apache - Apache trout
- O. clarkii - Cutthroat trout
- O. gilae - Gila trout
- O. gorbuscha - Pink salmon or humpback salmon
- O. ishikawai - Satsukimasu salmon
- O. iwame - Iwame trout
- O. keta - Chum salmon, or dog salmon
- O. kisutch - Coho salmon, or locally, "silvers" or silver salmon
- O. masou (sometimes O. masu) - Seema or cherry Salmon
- O. masou rhodurus - Biwa salmon(ja:ビワマス) (endemic species of Lake Biwa in Japan)
- O. mykiss Rainbow trout or steelhead
- O. nerka - Sockeye salmon, or locally, red salmon, or landlocked, kokanee.
- O. rastrosus Sabertooth Salmon, extinct 9-foot long salmon that lived from the late Miocene to the Pleistocene
- O. tshawytscha - Chinook salmon, or locally, king, tyee, spring, or tule salmon
- Stearley, R.F. and Smoth, G. R. 1993. Phylogny of the Pacific trout and salmon (Oncorhynchus) and the genera of family Salmonidae. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 122:1-33
- Fishbase list of Oncorhynchus species