Sources
Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web.
Submit a site - Become an editor
Wikipedia. Licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Are you an expert in this subject? Join the discussion and share your knowledge at Wikipedia.org.
P-Phenylenediamine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| P-Phenylenediamine | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| IUPAC name | 1,4-diaminobenzene |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [] |
| SMILES | Nc1ccc(N)cc1 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C6H8N2 |
| Molar mass | 108.1 |
| Appearance | Tan solid |
| Melting point |
143-145 °C |
| Boiling point |
267 °C |
| Hazards | |
| R-phrases | R23 R24 R25 R36 R37 R38 R40 R42 R43 |
| S-phrases | S26 S36 S37 S39 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
|
- The correct title of this article is p-Phenylenediamine. The initial letter is shown capitalized due to technical restrictions.
p-Phenylenediamine (PPD), also called 1,4-diaminobenzene or 1,4-phenylenediamine is an aromatic amine used as a component of engineering polymers and composites, aramid fibers, hair dyes, rubber chemicals, textile dyes and pigments. PPD is selected because of its low toxicity, high temperature stability, high strength, and chemical and electrical resistance.
Contents |
This product is added to real henna or used alone to create black tattoo-like body art.
This compound is used in almost every hair dye on the market, regardless of brand. The darker the colour, usually, the higher the concentrations. Even the so-called "natural" and "herbal" hair colours, while ammonia-free, contain PPD. Some products sold as henna have PPD added, particularly "black henna". Using body art quality (BAQ) pure henna, or indigo is the only way to avoid PPD in hair dye.
The CDC lists p-phenylenediamine as being a contact allergens. The NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards lists exposure routes as being through inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, and skin and/or eye contact; symptoms of exposure include throat irritation (pharynx and larynx), bronchial asthma, and sensitization dermatitis. Sensitization is a lifelong issue, which may lead to active sensitization to black clothing, printer's ink, fax ink, hair dye, fur dye, leather dye, and photographic products among many other products.
One maker of this product states explicitly that it should not be used directly on the skin,[citation needed] however, they admit that other manufacturers of PPD may or may not warn the same.
Some misinformation twists have led to PPD being described as a black mineral from the banks of the River Nile. This gives PPD an undeserved distinction as being both natural and exotic, which it is not.