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PCNA
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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| The assembled human DNA clamp, a trimer of the protein PCNA. | |
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proliferating cell nuclear antigen
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| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | PCNA |
| HUGO | 8729 |
| Entrez | 5111 |
| OMIM | 176740 |
| RefSeq | NM_002592 |
| UniProt | P12004 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 20 pter-p12 |
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, commonly known as PCNA, is a protein that acts as a processivity factor for DNA polymerase delta in eukaryotic cells.
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PCNA was originally identified as an antigen that is expressed in the nuclei of cells during the DNA synthesis phase of the cell cycle [1]. Part of the protein was sequenced and that sequence was used to allow isolation of a cDNA clone [2]. PCNA helps hold DNA polymerase delta (Pol δ) to DNA. PCNA is clamped [3] to DNA through the action of replication factor C (RFC) [4]. Expression of PCNA is under the control of E2F transcription factor-containing complexes [5].
Since DNA polymerase delta is involved in resynthesis of excised damaged DNA strands during DNA repair, PCNA is important for both DNA synthesis and DNA repair [6]. PCNA is also involved in the switch to DNA damage bypass translation synthesis.
- Model of PCNA ring clamped to DNA from the Advanced Light Source (accessed June 15, 2006)[3].
- Movie showing a model of clamp loading of PCNA onto DNA (accessed June 15, 2006) [7].
- ^ E. Leonardi, S. Girlando, G. Serio, F. A. Mauri, G. Perrone, S. Scampini, P. Dalla Palma and M. Barbareschi (1992) "PCNA and Ki67 expression in breast carcinoma: correlations with clinical and biological variables" in Journal of Clinical Pathology. Volume 45, pages 416-419.Entrez PubMed 1350788
- ^ K. Matsumoto, T. Moriuchi, T. Koji and P. K. Nakane (1987) "Molecular cloning of cDNA coding for rat proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin" in Journal of the European Molecular Biology Organization Volume 6, pages 637-642. Entrez PubMed 2884104
- ^ a b G. D. Bowman, M. O'Donnell and J. Kuriyan (2004) "Structural analysis of a eukaryotic sliding DNA clamp-clamp loader complex" in Nature Volume 429, pages 724-730. Entrez PubMed 15201901
- ^ G. Zhang, E. Gibbs, Z. Kelman, M. O'Donnell and J. Hurwitz (1999) "Studies on the interactions between human replication factor C and human proliferating cell nuclear antigen" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Volume 96, pages 1869-1874. Entrez PubMed 10051561
- ^ E. M. Egelkrout, I. Mariconti, S. B. Settlage, R. Cella, D. Robertson and L. Hanley-Bowdoin (2002) "Two E2F elements regulate the proliferating cell nuclear antigen promoter differently during leaf development" in The Plant Cell Volume 14, pages 3225-36. Entrez PubMed 12468739
- ^ J. Essers, A. F. Theil, C. Baldeyron, W. A. van Cappellen, A. B. Houtsmuller, R. Kanaar and W. Vermeulen (2005) "Nuclear dynamics of PCNA in DNA replication and repair" Molecular and Cellular Biology Volume 25, pages 9350-9359. Entrez PubMed 16227586
- ^ T.Miyata, H. Suzuki, T. Oyama, K. Mayanagi, Y.Ishino and K. Morikawa (2005) "Open clamp structure in the clamp-loading complex visualized by electron microscopic image analysis" in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Volume 102, pages 13795-13800.Entrez PubMed 16169902