Palatal lateral approximant

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IPA – number 157
IPA – text ʎ
IPA – image {{{imagesize}}}
Entity ʎ
X-SAMPA L
Kirshenbaum l^
Sound sample (help·info)

The palatal lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ʎ, resembling a turned letter "y" (and not to be confused with lowercase lambda, λ), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is L.

Features of the palatal lateral approximant:

  • Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by bringing one articulator close to another but without the vocal tract being narrowed to such an extent that a turbulent airstream is produced.
  • Its place of articulation is palatal which means it is articulated with the middle or back part of the tongue raised against the hard palate.
  • Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
  • It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
  • It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the sides of the tongue, rather than the middle of the tongue.
  • The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Arpitan balyi [baʎi] 'give'
Aymara llaki [ʎaki] 'sad'
Catalan lluna [ˈʎunǝ] 'moon' See Catalan phonology
Croatian odijeljen [ˈodijeːʎen] 'separated'
Enindhilyagwa angalya [aŋaʎa] 'place'
Faroese fylgja [fɪʎʤa] 'to follow
Galician ollo [ˈoʎo] 'eye'
Gascon hilh [hiʎ] 'son'
Greek λιακάδα [ʎaˈkaða] 'sunshine' See Modern Greek phonology
Hungarian (dialectal) király [ˈkiraːʎ] 'king' See Hungarian phonology
Italian figlio [ˈfiʎːo] 'son' See Italian phonology
Macedonian љубов [ʎubov] 'love'
Norwegian (northern) alle [ɑʎːe] 'everybody' See Norwegian phonology
Polish liść [ʎiɕʨ] 'leaf' See Polish phonology
Portuguese olho [ˈoʎu] 'eye' See Portuguese phonology
Occitan miralhar [miraˈʎa] 'to reflect'
Quechua allin [ˈaʎin] 'good'
Scottish Gaelic till [tʃʰiːʎ] 'return'
Serbian љуљaшka /ljuljaška [ʎuʎаʃkа] 'swing (seat)'
Sissano piyl [piʎ] 'fish'
Slovak roľa [ˈrɔʎa] 'field'
Spanish millón [miˈʎon] 'million' In many dialects this has merged with /ʝ/. See Spanish phonology and Yeísmo.

  Consonants (List, table) See also: IPA, Vowels  
Pulmonics Bilabial Lab'den. Dental Alveolar Postalv. Retroflex Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn. Epiglottal Glottal Non-pulmonics and other symbols
Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ
Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ Implo­­sives  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ
Fricatives  ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ Ejec­­tives  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ
Approximants  β̞ ʋ ð̞ ɹ ɻ j ɰ Other laterals  ɺ ɫ
Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Co-articulated approximants  ʍ w ɥ
Flaps & Taps • ѵ ɾ ɽ • Co-articulated fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ
Lat. Fricatives ɬ ɮ • • • Affricates  ʦ ʣ ʧ ʤ
Lat. Appr'mants l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m
This page contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help]
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged impossible.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palatal_lateral_approximant"
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