Sources
Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web.
Submit a site - Become an editor
Wikipedia. Licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.
Are you an expert in this subject? Join the discussion and share your knowledge at Wikipedia.org.
Panthenol
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Panthenol | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| IUPAC name | 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)- 3,3-dimethylbutanamide |
| Other names | Dexpanthenol, Bepanthen |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| SMILES | CC(C)(CO)C(C(=O)NCCCO)O |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C9H19NO4 |
| Molar mass | 205.251 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
|
Panthenol is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), and is thus the provitamin of B5. In organisms it is quickly oxidized to pantothenate. Panthenol is a highly viscous transparent liquid at room temperature, but salts of pantothenic acid (for example sodium pantothenate) are powders (typically white). It is well soluble in water, alcohol and propylene glycol, soluble in ether and chloroform, and slightly soluble in glycerin.
Panthenol comes in two enantiomers, D and L. Only D-panthenol (dexpanthenol) is biologically active, however both forms have moisturizing properties. For cosmetic use, panthenol comes either in D form, or as a racemic mixture of D and L (DL-panthenol).
Pantothenol's expanded chemical formula is: HO-CH2-C(CH3)2-CH(OH)-CONH-CH2CH2CH2-OH.
In cosmetics, panthenol is a humectant, emollient and moisturizer. It binds to hair follicles readily[citation needed] and is a frequent component of shampoos and hair conditioners (in concentrations of 0.1-1%). It coats the hair and seals its surface[citation needed], lubricating follicles and making strands appear shiny[citation needed].
In ointments it is mixed with allantoin, in concentrations of up to 2-5%, and is used for treatment of sunburns, mild burns and minor skin disorders.
Panthenol is not, however, absorbed through the skin and thus has limited effects that are not due to its provitamin character.
If ingested, panthenol is metabolized to pantothenic acid.
Other names for panthenol are:
- Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (R)-
- Butyramide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, D-(+)-
- Butanamide, 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethyl-, (2R)-
- D-Panthenol
- Dexpanthenol (DCIR)
- Dexpanthenolum
- Panthenol
- Propanolamine, N-pantoyl-
- d-Pantothenyl alcohol
|
|
|
|---|---|
| fat soluble | A (Retinol, Beta-carotene) - D (Ergocalciferol, Cholecalciferol, Dihydrotachysterol, Calcitriol, Calcidiol) - E (Tocopherol) - K (Naphthoquinone) |
| water soluble: B vitamins | B1 (Thiamine, Sulbutiamine, Benfotiamine) - B2 (Riboflavin) - B3 (Niacin, Nicotinamide) - B5 (Pantothenic acid, Dexpanthenol, Pantethine) - B6 (Pyridoxine, Pyridoxal phosphate) - B7 (Biotin) - B9 (Folic acid) - B12 (Cyanocobalamin, Hydroxocobalamin, Mecobalamin) |
| water soluble: other | C (Ascorbic acid) - Choline |
|
|
|
|---|---|
| Cicatrizants | Cadexomer iodine - Dextranomer - Dexpanthenol - Calcium pantothenate - Hyaluronic acid - Becaplermin - Glyceryl trinitrate - Isosorbide dinitrate - Crilanomer - Enoxolone |
| Proteolytic enzymes | Trypsin - Clostridiopeptidase |