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Papaya ringspot virus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is a potyvirus that infects several plant species, most notably the papaya (Carica papaya). It can also infect some species of melon from the family Cucurbitaceae and a succulent plant from the family Chenopodiaceae.
The virus is not enveloped; it is rod shaped and is between 760-800 nm long and 12 nm in diameter. It is transmitted between plants by mechanical activities like pruning and by the insect vectors Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii. In papaya the virus causes mottling and malformation of leaves, ringspots and streaking on fruit, stems and petioles, plants become stunted and produce less fruit.
The virus is known to be present in the Middle East, Africa, South and Central American. It has also been found in China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Mexico, Taiwan, and the USA.
In 1995 American researchers developed a transgenic papaya resistant to the virus, by expressing an antisense copy of a viral coat protein in the plant. It was field tested in Hawaii, where it was shown to be effective against the virus. The virus resistant papaya is now widely used by commercial papaya producers in Hawaii.
- Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20th August 1996.'; Papaya ringspot virus
- International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses. 2002. Papaya ringspot virus
- Gonsalves, D. et al. 2004. Transgenic Virus Resistant Papaya: From Hope to Reality for Controlling Papaya Ringspot Virus in Hawaii. APSNnt
- Chiang CH, Wang JJ, Jan FJ, Yeh SD, Gonsalves D. (2001). Comparative reactions of recombinant papaya ringspot viruses with chimeric coat protein (CP) genes and wild-type viruses on CP-transgenic papaya. J Gen Virol 82(Pt 11):2827-36. PMID 11602796
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