From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Parkfield is a village in Monterey County, California. As of 2007 road signs announce the population as 18 but some sources list the population as 900.

Parkfield is located at 35.45'11.45"N, 120.41'48.08"W¹, in the Temblor Range between the San Joaquin Valley and the Central Coast, at an elevation of 1,530 feet above sea level. Mining used to be a prosperous activity in this community, but the mines were exhausted below economic recovery levels and the industry moved elsewhere. Today, it is a small town of about 900 people who are mostly ranchers and farmers or merchants supporting these activities. There is a small tourism industry in the town based on the prospect of earthquakes (see the geology section below). The Parkfield motto is, "Eat here when it happens, sleep here when it happens."

Parkfield lies along the San Andreas Fault, one of the longest and most geologically active faults, which appears in the town as a seasonally dry creek bed. The fault marks the divide between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate (see Plate Tectonics). There is a bridge across the creek with piers on either side that have shifted more than five feet relative to one another since the bridge was constructed in 1936^[1].

Parkfield traditionally has an earthquake of 6 or greater magnitude every 22 years. In 1985, the US Geological Survey predicted that there would be a major earthquake in this community in 1993, but no such earthquake came until September 28, 2004 when a magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck at 10:15 am Pacific Daylight Time. The additional time did offer the opportunity to add improvements in instrumentation as the technology was further developed.

Parkfield is the most closely observed earthquake zone in the world. Scientists measure the strain in rocks, heat flow, and geomagnetism constantly around Parkfield. The observation of the San Andreas fault in Parkfield will hopefully help scientists understand earthquakes and maybe some day predict major earthquakes along the San Andreas fault and across the world.

Since 1985, the United States Geological Survey has been working on a project known as "The Parkfield Experiment", a long-term research project on the San Andreas fault. "The experiment's purpose is to better understand the physics of earthquakes - what actually happens on the fault and in the surrounding region before, during and after an earthquake."

In 2004, work began just north of Parkfield on the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD). The goal of SAFOD is to drill a hole nearly 2.5 miles (4 kilometers) into the Earth's crust and into the San Andreas Fault. An array of sensors will be installed to capture and record earthquakes that happen near this area. This was completed in the midyear of 2005. It will be located at the source of numerous microquakes that have a magnitude of around 1.0.

The epicenter of the largest earthquake in California history, the Fort Tejon earthquake, is believed to have been somewhere between Parkfield and Cholame.

• Parkfield-San Bernardino Earthquake
• Fort Tejon earthquake

• Parkfield earthquake

• The Parkfield, California, Earthquake Experiment
• Parkfield area current and recent activity map
• Parkfield, California is at coordinates 35°53′59″N 120°25′54″W / 35.89972, -120.43167Coordinates: 35°53′59″N 120°25′54″W / 35.89972, -120.43167

v • d • e Municipalities and communities of Monterey County, California
County seat: Salinas
Cities	Carmel-by-the-Sea | Del Rey Oaks | Gonzales | Greenfield | King City | Marina | Monterey | Pacific Grove | Salinas | Sand City | Seaside | Soledad
CDPs	Aromas | Boronda | Bradley | Carmel Valley Village | Castroville | Chualar | Del Monte Forest | Elkhorn | Las Lomas | Moss Landing | Pajaro | Prunedale | San Ardo | San Lucas | Spreckels
Unincorporated communities	Carmel Highlands | Gorda | Jolon | Lucia | Parkfield | Pebble Beach