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Penza
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Penza (Russian: Пе́нза) is a city in Russia, the administrative center of Penza Oblast in the Volga Federal District. It stands on the Sura River, 625 km south-east of Moscow, at . Population: 518,025 (2002 Census).
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Penza was founded in 1663 as a frontier outpost on the then southeastern border of Russia. The town bears the name of the river that it was originally built upon. As it was originally a frontier city, most houses were built of wood and the town developed without any master plan. During the 18th century Penza became an important trade center.
In 1774, Penza was taken by the insurgent army led by Yemelyan Pugachev, because citizens of the town welcomed the rebellious Cossacks into the city. First stone houses started to appear after 1801 and by 1809 Penza's population grew to more than 13,000 people.
During the Russian Civil War, the Czechoslovak Legions raised an anti-Bolshevik uprising in Penza. During the Soviet period the city developed as a regional industrial center.
Natives of Penza include Vsevolod Meyerhold, Andreï Makine, Nikolai Ishutin, Aristarkh Lentulov, and Ivan Mozzhukhin. The poet Mikhail Lermontov grew up near Penza in the manor of Tarkhany, which belonged to his grandmother.
Currently, the city of Penza is seen as a regional center for higher education. It has six universities (The Penza State University, The Pedagogic University, The Academy of Agriculture, The Technology Institute, the Institute of Civil Building and The Artillery and Engineering Institute), 13 colleges and 77 public schools. Besides this, Penza is home to three theatres, four museums, and three art galleries.
In a topographical sense, Penza greatly differs from the cities around it because of its rolling hills and dense surrounding forests.
- Former Soviet national team hockey players Alexander Golikov, Vladimir Golikov, Vasily Pervukhin, Sergei Yashin, Alexander Kozhevnikov and Sergei Svetlov were born here.
- Vladimir (Vova) and Olga Galchenko (famous jugglers) lived here before emigrating to the USA.
- Official website of Penza (Russian)
- Penza Online (Russian)
- The regional catalogue of Penza City enterprises (Russian)
- 2005.07 Penza, Russia photos folder
- 2004.08 Penza, Russia photos folder
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Cities and towns in Penza Oblast |  |
| Administrative center: Penza Belinsky | Gorodishche | Kamenka | Kuznetsk | Nikolsk | Nizhny Lomov | Serdobsk | Spassk | Sursk | Zarechny |