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Philip, Duke of Parma
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Philip of Bourbon, Duke of Parma (March 15, 1720–July 18, 1765) was duke of Parma from 1748 to 1765. He was the fourth child and third son of Philip V of Spain and Isabella Elizabeth Farnese. He was raised in Madrid and as a child showed more interest in music and art than in politics.
His mother was from the family of Farnese, which had ruled the Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla for many generations. The Duchy had been ruled between 1731 and 1736 by his elder brother Charles, but exchanged with Austria for The Two Sicilies after the War of Polish Succession. Twelve years later, in the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748), Austria lost the Duchy, and Philip became the new Duke, founding the House of Bourbon-Parma.
The Duchy of Parma was ruined by many years of warfare, and in 1759 Philip named the abled Frenchmen Guillaume Du Tillot as his minister to restore the economy.
Philip was an enlightened ruler. He expelled the Jesuits from Parma in 1768. He stimulated education and philosophy, attracting personalities like Étienne Bonnot de Condillac.
Philip died unexpectedly on July 18, 1765 in Alessandria, while he was accompanying his daughter Maria Luisa to Spain to be married to Infante Charles.
Philip married Louise-Elisabeth de Bourbon on October 25, 1739. They had the following children:
- Isabelle of Parma (December 31, 1741–November 27, 1763), married Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
- Ferdinand of Parma (January 20, 1751–October 9, 1802), next Duke of Parma
- Maria Louisa of Parma (December 9, 1751–January 2, 1819), married King Charles IV of Spain
| Philip, Duke of Parma | Father: Philip V of Spain |
Paternal Grandfather: Louis, Dauphin of France |
Paternal Great-grandfather: Louis XIV of France |
| Paternal Great-grandmother: Maria Theresa of Spain |
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| Paternal Grandmother: Maria Anna of Bavaria |
Paternal Great-grandfather: Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria |
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| Paternal Great-grandmother: Henriette Adelaide of Savoy |
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| Mother: Elisabeth of Parma |
Maternal Grandfather: Odoardo II Farnese |
Maternal Great-grandfather: Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma |
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| Maternal Great-grandmother: Isabella of Modena |
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| Maternal Grandmother: Dorothea Sophie of Neuburg |
Maternal Great-grandfather: Philipp Wilhelm, Elector Palatine |
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| Maternal Great-grandmother: Landgravine Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt |
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Philip, Duke of Parma
Cadet branch of the House of Bourbon
Born: 15 March 1720 Died: 18 July 1765 |
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| Regnal titles | ||
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| Preceded by Maria Theresa |
Duke of Parma 1748–1765 |
Succeeded by Ferdinand |