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Pranab Mukherjee
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Pranab Mukherjee | |
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| In office 24 October 2006 – present |
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| Preceded by | Manmohan Singh |
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| Succeeded by | Incumbent |
| Constituency | Jangipur |
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| Born | December 11, 1935 Birbhum, West Bengal |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
| Residence | Kolkata |
| Religion | Hindu |
Pranab Kumar Mukherjee (Bengali: প্রণব কুমার মুখার্জী) ( प्रन्ब कुमार मुख्रजी ) (born December 11, 1935, West Bengal, India) is the Foreign Minister of India in the Manmohan Singh government. The leader of the Indian National Congress in the 14th Lok Sabha, he is known to be a competent party apparatchik, "a prominent Gandhi family loyalist who did not win a popular election until 2004[1]".
He has a degree in law from the University of Calcutta and has been an advocate and college teacher at some time. He also holds Masters degree in both History and Political Science, and an honorary D. Litt.
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Pranab Mukherjee was born in Mirati village near Kirnahar town, District Birbhum, West Bengal, on December 11, 1935, the son of Kamada Kinkar Mukherjee and Rajlakshmi Mukherjee. His father was active in the Congress party from 1920, was a member of AICC, and West Bengal Legislative Council (1952-64), and President, District Congress Committee, Birbhum (WB)[2]. His father was also a respected freedom fighter who had been sent to prison for more than 10 years for his opposition to the British rule. He attended the Suri Vidyasagar College, Suri (Birbhum), then affiliated with the University of Calcutta.
He married Suvra Mukherjee on July 13, 1957 and has two sons and a daughter.
Pranab Mukherjee has a parliamentary career of nearly four decades, having first become a Rajya Sabha (upper house) member from the Congress Party in 1969, (re-elected in 1975,1981,1993 and 1999). In 1973, he joined the cabinet as Union Deputy Minister, Industrial Development. His initial inclusion was an accident, having gone to witness the swearing in of ministers at Rashtrapathi Bhavan, when the number to be sworn in was found inauspicious, the spectator Pranab was added on to make it auspicious. Rising through a series of cabinet posts to become the Finance Minister of India between 1982 and 1984. In 1984, he was rated as one of the best five Finance Ministers of the World according to a survey of Euromoney magazine[3]. His term was noted for India not withdrawing the last US$ 1.1 billion instalment of an IMF loan. As he did not fully endorse the summary installment of Rajiv Gandhi as the caretaker prime-minister after Indira Gandhi's assassination, he was not included in Rajiv cabinet. He left Congress party for a brief period but re-entered in 1989. His political career revived when P V Narasimha Rao chose to appoint him as deputy chairman of the planning commission and subsequently as a union cabinet minister. He served as foreign minister for the first time from 1995 to 1996 in the PV Narasimha Rao cabinet. In 1997 he was voted Outstanding Parliamentarian.
He was also president of West Bengal state unit of Congress in 1985.
Pranab Mukherjee has been a member of the Board of Governors of the International Monetary Fund, of the World Bank, of the Asian Development Bank, and of the African Development Bank. In 1984, he chaired the Group of 24 attached to the IMF and World Bank. Between May and November 1995, he presided over the SAARC Council of Ministers Conference[4].
Throughout this long career, however, he was always a member of the Rajya Sabha, having been elected to it five times through a party-based voting system. He lost twice in the Lok Sabha (lower house) elections, both times being subsequently inducted into the Rajya Sabha.
This lack of popular mandate had clearly been bothering him. In the 2004 Lok Sabha elections, he managed to obtain the "safe seat"[5] of Jangipur, West Bengal, which he won, finally entering the 14th Lok Sabha.
For these reasons, Pranab Mukherjee is seen as belonging to the category of Indian politicians who are popular with the party leadership, but do not enjoy a strong support at the grass roots - neither within the party's vote base or its cadre.
However, he is well respected within the party; according to Sonia Gandhi biographer Rasheed Kidwai, "Congress leaders regard him as a living encyclopedia. He is an authority on all subjects from food processing to culture to diplomacy to social policies."[6] Other media accounts describe him as having "a reputation as a number-crunching politician with a phenomenal memory and an unerring survival instinct[1]."
After Sonia Gandhi reluctantly agreed to join politics, Pranab Mukherjee was one of her key mentors, guiding her through difficult situations with examples of how her mother-in-law, Indira Gandhi would have done things[7]. Mukherjee's unfailing loyalty and competence have led to his closeness to Sonia Gandhi and Manmohan Singh, and helped him gain the prestigious position of Defence Minister of India when the party came to power in 2004.
He has also held the position of Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission from 1991 to 1996.
His talents were on display during the negotiations for the Patent's Amendment Bill in early 2005. The Congress was committed to passing an IP bill, but their allies in the United Progressive Alliance from the Left front had a long tradition of opposing some of the monopoly aspects of intellectual property. Pranab Mukherjee, as Defence Minister, was not formally involved but was roped in for his negotiation skills. He drew on many old alliances including the CPI-M leader Jyoti Basu, and formed new intermediary positions, which included product patent and little else. Then he had to convince his own colleagues including commerce minister Kamal Nath, at one point saying: "An imperfect legislation is better than no legislation."[8] Finally the bill was approved on March 23, 2005.
Pranab Mukherjee himself appears to have a clean image, but is a pragmatist. In an interview to rediff.com in 1998, he was asked about the sleaze in the P.V. Narasimha Rao government, in which he was the foreign minister. He replied:
- Corruption is an issue. We have dealt with it in the manifesto. But I am sorry to say that these scams are not confined to the Congress or the Congress government alone. There are so many scams. So many leaders of various political parties are involved in them. So it would be too simplistic to say that the Congress government was involved in scams.[9]
On 24 October 2006, he was appointed as the External Affairs Minister of India. His replacement in the Defence Ministry is A.K. Antony, a senior Congress Party politician and former Chief Minister of the southern state of Kerala.
On the evening of the 7th of April 2007 he was admitted to Army Research and Referral hospital in Delhi following a car accident in West Bengal. The accident occurred when he was on his way from Murshidabad to Kolkata together with several other senior members of the Congress Party. The car collided with a meeting van, and four other passengers are also reported injured. However, soon he recovered from the accident and resumed normal duties of the office.
- ^ a b "India gets new foreign minister", BBC News, 2006-10-04. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
- ^ Profile at Ministry of External Affairs.
- ^ Profile from calcuttayellowpages.com
- ^ Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (IDSA) Executive Committee Profile
- ^ Malabika Bhattacharya. "Q & A : Pranab Mukherjee: `I want to win a Lok Sabha election'", The Hindu, 2004-04-04. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
- ^ "India's new foreign minister Mukherjee: a respected party veteran", Agence France-Presse, 2006-10-24. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
- ^ GK Gokhale. "Why is Dr. Singh Sonia's choice?", rediff.com, 2004-04-19. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
- ^ Aditi Phadnis. "Pranab: The master manager", rediff.com, 2005-03-29. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
- ^ Rajesh Ramachandran. "The BJP's new-found secularism is a reckless exercise to hoodwink the people", rediff.com, 1998-01-10. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
- About Pranab Mukherjee
- Profile at Govt. of India website
- Official biographical sketch in Parliament of India website
- Saddam verdict: India reacts guardedly
- http://www.un.org/webcast/ga/61/pdfs/india-e.pdf
| Preceded by Dinesh Singh |
Minister for External Affairs of India 1995–1996 |
Succeeded by Sikander Bakht |
| Preceded by Manmohan Singh |
Minister for External Affairs of India 2006 - |
Succeeded by Incumbent |