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Psalms • תהילים (Tehilim)

Psalm 23 • Psalm 51 • Psalm 67 Psalm 69 • Psalm 89 • Psalm 91 Psalm 95 • Psalm 96 • Psalm 98 Psalm 100 • Psalm 103 • Psalm 104 Psalm 109 • Psalms 113-118 • Psalm 119 Psalm 130 • Psalm 137 • Psalm 143 Psalm 151 • Psalms 152–155

Complete Psalms 1–150

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Psalm 104 (Greek numbering: Psalm 103) is a poem from the Book of Psalms in the Bible. It begins:

Bless the Lord, O my soul.

Some scholars have noted similarities between this psalm and the Great Hymn to the Aten.

Contents 1 Liturgical Uses 1.1 Eastern Orthodox 1.2 Jewish 2 Source 3 External links

Its main liturgical usage in the Eastern Orthodox Church is at the beginning of vespers (evening prayers) and the all-night vigil. While it is technically one of the elements of the vespers service prescribed for the senior reader (that is, the elder or abbot of a monastery, or in a parish the seniormost reader at the kliros), it is customarily read or chanted by a reader after the opening prayers of the service.

The psalm is meant to be read or chanted in a plain style at services of vespers which are not part of a vigil. When vespers is served as part of a vigil, an abbreviated musical version is usually sung by the choir. Several such musical arrangements of the psalm have been composed over the years; perhaps the most familiar is that found in the Obikhod, or common setting.

In the context of its vespers/vigil setting, this psalm is understood to be a hymn of creation, in all the fulness wherein God has created it - it speaks of animals, plants, waters, skies, etc. In the scope of the liturgical act, it is often taken to be Adam's song, sung outside the closed gates of Eden from which he has been expelled (cf. Genesis 3). While the reader chants the psalm, the priest stands outside the closed Royal Doors wearing only his epitrachilion, making this symbolism more evident.

Psalm 104 is chanted at the end of Jewish services on certain occasions, such as the New Moon (Rosh Chodesh), though customs vary. "It has been declared that it is worthwhile studying the Hebrew language for ten years in order to read Psalm 104 in the original." ^[1]

^  Daily Prayer Book, Philip Birnbaum, 1949, p.465

• Tehillim - Psalm 104 (Judaica Press) translation with Rashi's commentary at Chabad.org