Pylorus

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Pylorus
Outline of stomach, showing its anatomical landmarks.
Interior of the stomach. (Pylorus labeled at center left.)
Latin valvula pylori
Gray's subject #247 1164
Dorlands/Elsevier v_02/12844554

The pylorus (from Greek πυλωρος = "gate guard") is the region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum. It is divided in two parts:

The pyloric sphincter, or valve, is a strong ring of smooth muscle at the end of the pyloric canal and lets food pass from the stomach to the duodenum. It receives sympathetic innervation from celiac ganglion.

Contents

One medical condition associated with the pylorus is pyloric stenosis. In such conditions as stomach cancer, when tumours may partly block the pyloric canal, a special tube can be implanted surgically to connect the stomach to the duodenum to assist food to pass from one to the other. This tube is called a pyloric stent.

The longitudinal and circular muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front.

The oblique muscular fibers of the stomach, viewed from above and in front.

v • d • e
Anatomy of torso, digestive system: Gastrointestinal tract
Upper GI: to stomach Mouth • Pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx) • Esophagus • Crop
Upper GI: stomach rugae - gastric pits - cardia/gland - fundus/gland - pylorus/gland - pyloric antrum - pyloric canal - greater curvature - lesser curvature - angular incisure
Lower GI: intestines Small intestine: Duodenum (Suspensory muscle, Major duodenal papilla, Minor duodenal papilla) • Duodenojejunal flexure • Jejunum • Ileum • continuous (intestinal villus, crypts of Lieberkühn, circular folds)

Junction: Vermiform appendix • Ileocecal valve

Large intestine: Cecum • Colon (ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon) • continuous (taenia coli, haustra, epiploic appendix)
Lower GI: termination Rectum: Houston valve • rectal ampulla • pectinate line

Anal canal: anal valves • anal sinuses • anal columns • Hilton's white line

Anus: Sphincter ani internus muscle • Sphincter ani externus muscle
Lower GI: lymph GALT: Peyer's patches (M cells)
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pylorus"
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