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Pyrroloquinoline quinone
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pyrroloquinoline quinone, (PQQ), an enzyme cofactor, was proposed for consideration as a vitamin in the April 2003 edition of the journal Nature.[1] [2][1][2] The molecule has similarities to vitamin B2 and vitamin B3. All three are cofactors in enzyme-catalyzed reduction–oxidation (redox) reactions.
Others have called into question the suggestion that PQQ deserves status as a vitamin.[3][3] The substrate was originally discovered in 1979, by a research team led by Takafumi Kato of the Japanese Institute of Physical and Chemical Research.[4]
- ^ Takaoki Kasahara, Tadafumi Kato Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN,Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- ^ NATURE | VOL 422 | 24 APRIL 2003 | www.nature.com/nature
- ^ Is pyrroloquinoline quinone a vitamin? [Robert Rucker*, David Storms*, Annemarie Sheets*, Eskouhie Tchaparian*,Andrea Fascetti† Departments of *Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, and †Molecular Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA e-mail: rbrucker@ucdavis.edu doi:10.1038/nature03323]
- ^ [Leigh M. Felton, Chris Anthony School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 7PX, UK e-mail: c.anthony@soton.ac.uk doi:10.1038/nature03322]
fat soluble — Retinol (A) | Ergocalciferol and Cholecalciferol (D) | Tocopherol (E) | Naphthoquinone (K)
water soluble — B vitamins (Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), Pantothenic acid (B5), Pyridoxine (B6), Biotin (B7), Folic acid (B9), Cyanocobalamin (B12)) | Choline | Ascorbic acid (C)
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