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Qianmen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Qianmen (Simplified Chinese: 前门; Traditional Chinese: 前門; pinyin: Qiánmén; literally "Front Gate") is the common name for the gateway known formally as Zhengyangmen (Simplified Chinese: 正阳门; Traditional Chinese: 正陽門; pinyin: Zhèngyángmén; Manchu: Tob šun i duka). It is a gate in Beijing, China. It stands at the south end of the Tiananmen Square precinct, and was formerly the front gate of the Imperial City, a part of the ancient city of Beijing.
First built in 1419, the gateway consisted of a gatehouse proper and an archery tower, which forms a large barbican. Today the archery tower and the gatehouse survive - though not in the form originally built. The present gates date from 1914 and incorporate modern design elements suggested by German advisors. The archery tower is equipped for cannon placements. At 42 metres high, the gatehouse was, and is, the tallest among all of the gates of Beijing.
After the Communist victory in 1949, the gate complex was occupied by the Beijing garrison of the People's Liberation Army. The military vacated the gate in 1980.
Behind (that is, to the North of) the Qianmen once stood the Gate of China, followed by the present Tiananmen, and the Meridian Gate, which is the front entrance to the Forbidden City.
Because of its grandeur and unique design, the Qianmen was long seen as the symbol of old Beijing.
| Imperial City (Beijing) | |
|---|---|
| Gates | Zhonghuamen · Tiananmen · Di'anmen · Donganmen · Xi'anmen |
| Forbidden City |
Meridian Gate · Gate of Supreme Harmony · Hall of Supreme Harmony · Palace of Heavenly Purity · Gate of Divine Might |
| Gardens | Zhongnanhai · Beihai Park · Jingshan Park |
| Other structures | Bell and Drum Towers |