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Qur'an reading
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Qur'an reading is the reading (tarteel, tajwid, or taghbir) aloud, reciting, or chanting of portions of the Qur'an. It is not considered music by Muslims and when recited the style is structurally dissimilar from music (even secular Arab music). The reciter is called a muqri' , tālī, murattil, mujawwid, or most commonly a qari. (Touma 1996, p.153-154)
Recitation (singing of the Qur'an is strictly forbidden in Islam[citation needed]) must be done according to rules of pronunciation, intonation, and caesuras established by the Prophet Muhammad, though first recorded in the eight century CE. The most popular reading is that of Hafs on the authority of `asim. Qur'an reading may be based on one to three tones only. Similarly, each melodic passage centers on a single tone level, but the melodic contour and melodic passages are largely shaped by the reading rules, creating passages of different lengths whose temporal expansion is defined through caesuras. Skilled readers may read professionally for mosques in cities, although being paid for reciting the Qur'an is prohibited by Islam[citation needed].
The Qur'an is marked with twenty-six symbols, circles, rectangles, dashes and letters, some in color. These are written above, below, or beside the letters of the alphabet . They indicate the pronunciation of consonants, whether the blending of neighboring or adjacent consonants is allowed, and where recitation pauses and caesuras are forbidden and possible (ibid, p.155). In this last respect their function is analogous to that of Biblical cantillation marks, but unlike these they do not constitute a word-for-word notation of musical motifs.
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Listed below are some notable recitors of the Qur'an:
- Abu Ainayn Syu'aisya'
- Dr Ahmad Naina'
- Sayyid Mitwalli Abd Al-Aal
- Syihaat Muhammad Anwar
- Ali Jabbir
- Hilmy Jamal
- Raaghib Mustafa
- Sayyid Muhammad Nur
- Sayyid Saeed
- Sya'ban Abd Al-Aziz Al-Siyad
- Abd Al-Basit Abd Al-Somad
- Muhammad Rif'at
- Muhammad Abd Al-Wahhab Tantawy
- Mahmood Khalil Husary
- Hasanain Muhammedali Jum'ua
- Mustafa Ismail
- Ismail Hashim (Malaysia)
- Saad Saeed Ghamidy
- Muhammad Jibreel
- Sheikh Ali As-Suwaisy
- Sheikh Ahmed Amir
- Sheikh Mohamed Mahmoud Buheiri
- Sheikh Mohamed Salamah
- Sheikh Mohamed Siddiq El-Minshawi
- Mustafa Özcan Güneşdoğdu
- Qari Shakir Qasmi
- Sheikh Abdul Rahman Al-Sudais
- Sheikh Saud Al-Shuraim
- Sheikh Ahmed bin Ali Ajmy
Pani patti style of recitation.
- Habib Hassan Touma (1996). The Music of the Arabs, trans. Laurie Schwartz. Portland, Oregon: Amadeus Press. ISBN 0-931340-88-8.
