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There are two distinct dance categories called Round Dance. The specific dances belonging to the first of these categories are often considered to be ethnic, folk or country dances. The dances in the second category are more closely related to social ballroom dancing.

Children's Dances by Hans Thoma

A circular chain dance, also called a circle dance, is a type of folk dance where dancers are connected in a circular chain. Various connections are possible; among these are hand-to-hand and hands-on-shoulders.

Examples are Sardinian Ballu tundu, numerous Balkan folk dances (Kolo, Oro, Horo), Russian Khorovod, Romanian Hora.

Modern social round dancing is choreographed and cued ballroom dancing that progresses in a circular pattern, counter-clockwise around the dance floor. The two major categories of ballroom rhythm found in round dancing are the smooth or international rhythms, such as foxtrot and waltz, and the Latin rhythms, such as cha-cha and rumba.

Round dancing differs from free-style ballroom dancing in that each round dance has been fully choreographed ahead of time, and a "cuer" or leader at the front of the ballroom tells the dancers, as they dance, what steps to do. As the music plays, and just ahead of the beat, so the dancers have time to respond, the cuer names each dance figure in the choreography. As a consequence, all the dancers on the floor are dancing the same steps at the same time.

To create a round dance, a piece of music is selected by the choreographer, and the different steps or figures are chosen to fit the music. If the music swells and pauses briefly, then a dance step that rises and stretches is put into that place. If there is a little syncopation in another part of the song, then a quick step is inserted. The creation of a piece of choreography is like engineering a machine, with every gear and lever in just the right place to give smooth and flowing motion. The step-by-step instructions on how to dance this choreography are written out in what is called a cue sheet.

Examples of social dances that may be danced in "round" fashion are - Bolero - Cha-cha-cha - Foxtrot - Hustle - Jive - Lindy Hop - Mambo - Merengue - Paso Doble - Quickstep - Rumba - Salsa - Samba - Single Swing - Slow Two step - Tango - Two step - Waltz - Viennese Waltz - West Coast Swing -

Roundalab is the International Association of Round Dance Teachers, Inc. Roundalab has established a "Phase Rating System" of round dancing, in order to rate round dance figures according to difficulty and complexity.

Salsa Rueda is a kind of round dance in which there is no complete pre-choreographed sequence, and the dance patterns are called out in a random order.

• List of dances

• Round Dance Information
• Round Dance Instruction
• Round Dance Server
• Roundalab
• Square and Round Dancing Australia/NZ - Square and Round Dancing in Australia and NZ - Australian Products and area Information for Square Dancing, Round Dancing and Clogging