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Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Royal Society for the Protection of Birds | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Type | Conservation charity |
| Founded | 1889 |
| Headquarters | The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom[1] |
| Area served | United Kingdom |
| Key people | Queen Elizabeth II, patron Julian Pettifer, president Graham Wynne, chief executive[1] |
| Revenue |  £ 88.28 million GBP (2006)[1] |
| Operating income | £ 69.7 million GBP (2006)[1] |
| Net income |  £ 3.68 million GBP (2006)[1] |
| Employees | 1,545 paid staff[1] 12,750 volunteers[1] |
| Slogan | For birds, for people, for ever[1] |
| Website | http://www.rspb.org.uk/ |
The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) is a British charitable organisation which works to promote conservation and protection of birds and the wider environment through public awareness campaigns, petitions and through the operation of nature reserves throughout the United Kingdom.[2] The RSPB has 1,500 employees, 12,000 volunteers and over 1 million members, making it the largest wildlife conservation charity in Europe.[3] The RSPB has a number of local groups, and maintains 182 reserves across the United Kingdom.[4]
The charity was founded in Didsbury[5] in 1889, as a protest group, campaigning against the use of great crested grebe skins and feathers in fur clothing.[6] The society received a Royal Charter in 1903 from Edward VII, and was instrumental in petitioning the Parliament of the United Kingdom to introduce acts banning the use of plumage in clothing.[7] Today, the RSPB works with both the civil service and the Government to advise Government policies on conservation and environmentalism.[8]
Contents |
The RSPB is one of several organisations that determine the official conservation status list for all birds found in the UK. This consists of three lists - red, green and amber - with red list detailing birds of the highest conservation concern.
For a bird to be on the red list it must fulfill any one of the following four criteria:[9]
- A globally threatened species
- A decline in the UK population (1800 to 1995)
- At least a 50% decline in the UK breeding population over last 25 years
- At least a 50% reduction in the UK breeding range over last 25 years
- See also: List of RSPB reserves
The RSPB maintains 203 reserves throughout the United Kingdom,[4] covering a wide range of habitats, from estuaries and mudflats to urban habitats.[10] The reserves usually have bird hides provided for birdwatchers, and many reserves provide visitor centres which include information about the wildlife which can be seen around the reserve.[11]
The RSPB has published a members- only magazine for over a century.
Bird Notes and News (ISSN 0406-3392) was first published in April 1903.
The title changed to 'Bird Notes' in 1947. From March 1953, many of the covers were by Charles Tunnicliffe. Two of the originals are on long-term loan to the Tunicliffe gallery at Oriel Ynys Môn, but in 1995 the RSPB sold 114 at a Sotheby's auction, raising £210,000; the most expensive being a picture of a partridge which sold for £6,440.[12]
From January 1964 (vol. 31, no. 1), publication increased from the previous four copies per year (one for each season, published on the 1st of each third month, March, June, September and December), to six, (issued in the odd-numbered months, January, March and so on, but dated "January-February", "March-April", etc.). Volumes covered two years, so vol. 30, covering 1962–63, therefore included nine issues, ending with the "Winter 1963–64" edition, instead of eight. The final edition, vol. 31 no. 12, was published in late 1965..
- Editors
- Miss M. G. Davies, BA, MBOU (for many years, until vol. 30 no. 9)
- John Clegg (from vol. 31 No. 1 – vol. 31 no. 3)
- Jeremy Boswell (from vol. 31 no. 4 - vol. 31 no. 12)
Its successor Birds (ISSN 1367-983X) replaced it immediately, with volume 1, number 1 being the January-February 1966 edition. Issues were published quarterly, numbered so that a new volume started every other year.
Birds is still published quarterly, the May 2007 edition being vol. 21 no. 6.
- Editors
- Jeremy Boswell (vol. 1 no.1 - vol. 1 no. 6)
- Michael Everett (vol. 1 no. 6 (with Boswell) & vol. 1 no. 7 (with Nicholas Hammond))
- Nicholas Hammond (vol. 1 no. 7 - vol. 5 no. 6)
- Gerald Searle (vol. 5 no. 7 - vol. 6 no. 5)
- Nicholas Hammond (vol. 6 no. 6 - vol. 6 no. 9)
- No editor credited (vol. 7 no. 1 - vol. 8 no. 5)
- Sylvia Sullivan (vol. 8 no. 6 - vol. 10 no. 2`)
- Nicholas Hammond (vol. 10 no. 3 - vol. 11 no. 1)
- Annette Preece ("Managing Editor", vol. 11 no. 2 - vol. 12 no. 4)
- Rob Hume (vol. 12 no. 5 - current)
The RSPB has two separate groups for children and teenagers: Wildlife Explorers (formerly the Young Ornithologists Club) and RSPB Phoenix. Wildlife Explorers is targeted at children aged between 8 and 12, although it also has some younger members,[13] and has two different magazines: Wild Times for the under 8s and Bird Life for those over 8. RSPB Phoenix is aimed at teenagers, and produces Wingbeat magazine, although members also receive Bird Life magazine.[14]
The RSPB is funded primarily by its members; in 2006, over 50% of the society's £ 88 million income came from subscriptions, donations and legacies, worth a total of £ 53.669 million.[1] As a registered charity, the organisation is entitled to Gift aid worth an extra £ 0.28 on every £ 1.00 donated by income tax payers.[15] The bulk of the income (£ 63.757 million in 2006) is spent on conservation projects, maintenance of the reserves and on education projects, with the rest going on fundraising efforts and reducing the pension deficit, worth £ 19.8 million in 2006.
- Winifred Cavendish-Bentinck, Duchess of Portland 1891 - 1954
- Cyril Hurcomb
- Colonel Sir Tufton Beamish
- Robert Dougall
- Max Nicholson 1980 - 1985
- Magnús Magnússon 1985-1990
- Sir Derek Barber 1990-1991 [16]
- Ian Prestt 1991-1994 [16]
- Julian Pettifer 1994-????
- Jonathan Dimbleby 2001-????
- Julian Pettifer 2004 - current
Over time, the RSPB's chief officers have had a number of different titles.
- Peter Condor - Director 1964-1975 [17]
- Ian Prestt - Director General 1975-June 1991 [16]
- Barbara Young - Chief Executive, June 1991-1998
- Graham Wynne - Chief Executive, current
- ^ a b c d e f g h i RSPB Annual Report, 2005 - 2006. Retrieved 19 February 2007.
- ^ What does the RSPB do?. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
- ^ About the RSPB. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
- ^ a b Basic facts and figures. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
- ^ See the Didsbury page for the reference (2007-10-02)
- ^ History of the RSPB. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
- ^ Milestones. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
- ^ Working Together: Government. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
- ^ Red, Amber and Green explained. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-20.
- ^ Reserves by habitat. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-20.
- ^ Frequently Asked Questions. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-20.
- ^ RSPB Birds magazine, Vol 16 No 01, February-April 1996, page 10
- ^ About youth groups. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-20.
- ^ Gift Membership. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-20.
- ^ Gift Aid. RSPB. Retrieved on 2007-02-19.
- ^ a b c RSPB Birds magazine, Vol 13 No 7, Autumn 1991
- ^ RSPB Birds magazine, Vol 5 No 11, November-December 1975, pp8-9