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Ryazan Principality existed from 1129 when it was separated from the Murom-Ryazan Principality. In 1521 Principality became a part of Muscovy. The first ruler of Ryazan was supposedly Yaroslav Sviatoslavich, Prince of Chernigov (a city of Kievan Rus'), later Prince of Murom-Ryzan.

In 1213 the Principality became independent (the Great Principality). In December 1237 Ryazan was ravaged by Mongols of Batu Khan and the old capital waqs destroyed. In 1301 Prince Daniel of Moscow taked Ryazan due the Boyars betrayal and taked Prince Konstantin in prison. In 1305 Daniel's son Prince Yury of Moscow ordered to kill him. Two next successors of Konstantin were killed in the Golden Horde. In 1380 Prince Oleg Ivanovich was an ally of Mamai but not took part in the Battle of Kulikovo.

During almost all the its history Ryazan Principality quarreled with the Pronsk Principality until the latter was annexed to Ryazan in 1483.

In 1516 Grand Prince Vasili III of Russia captured and prisoned in Moscow the last Grand Prince of Ryazan because of his relations with Crimean Khan Mehmed I Giray. In 1521 Prince Ivan Ivanovich fled into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. After that the Ryazan Principality was merged with the Muscovy.

• 1097 - 1129 Yaroslav Sviatoslavich
• 1129 - 1143 Sviatoslav Yaroslavich (d. 1145)
• 1143 - 1145 Rostislav Yaroslavich (d. 1155)
• 1145 - 1178 Gleb Rostislavich (d. 1178)
• 1178 - 1207 Roman Glebovich (d. ca. 1210)
• 1213 - 1217 Roman Igorevich (d. 1217)
• 1217 - 1235 Ingvar Igorevich (d. 1235)
• 1235 - 1237 Yury Igorevich (d. 1237)
• 1237 - 1252 Ingvar Ingvarevich (d. 1252)
• 1252 - 1258 Oleg Ingvarevich the Red (1230-1258)
• 1258 - 1270 Roman Olegovich (d. 1270), the Saint
• 1270 - 1294 Fyodor Romanovich (d. 1294)
• 1294 - 1299 Yaroslav Romanovich (d. 1299)
• 1299 - 1301 Konstantin Romanovich (d. 1305)
• 1301 - 1308 Vasily Konstantinovich (d. 1308)
• 1308 - 1327 Ivan Yaroslavich (d. 1327)
• 1327 - 1342 Ivan Ivanovich Korotopol (d. 1343)
• 1342 - 1344 Yaroslav Aleksandrovich (d. 1344)
• 1344 - 1350 Vasily Aleksandrovich (d. 1350)
• 1350 - 1371 Oleg Ivanovich (d. 1402)
• 1371 - 1372 Vladimir Yaroslavich (d. 1372)
• 1372 - 1402 Oleg Ivanovich (d. 1402)
• 1402 - 1427 Fyodor Olegovich (d. 1427)
• 1427 - 1456 Ivan Fyodorovich (d. 1456)
• 1456 - 1483 Vasily Ivanovich Tretnoy (d. 1483)
• 1483 - 1500 Ivan Vasilievich (d. 1500)
• 1500 - 1516 Ivan Ivanovich (1496-1534)

• (Russian) Ryazan Principality
• (Russian) Map of Ryazan Principality
• (Russian) Genealogy of Princes of Ryazan