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S.A. (corporation)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
| Companies law |
|---|
| Basic forms: |
| Sole proprietorship |
| Partnership (General · Limited · LLP) |
| Corporation (LLC) |
| Cooperative |
| United States: |
| Business trust LLLP · Series LLC Delaware corporation Nevada corporation |
| United Kingdom / Commonwealth / Ireland: |
| Limited company (By shares · By guarantee) (Public · Proprietary) Community interest company |
| Civil law countries: |
| AB · AG · ANS · A/S · AS |
| K.K. · N.V. · OY · S.A. · GmbH |
| SE |
| Doctrines |
| Corporate governance |
| Limited liability · Ultra vires |
| Business judgment rule |
| Internal affairs doctrine |
| De facto corporation and corporation by estoppel |
| Piercing the corporate veil |
| Rochdale Principles |
| Related areas of law |
| Contract · Civil procedure |
- For the art organization see Société Anonyme (art)
S.A. generally designates corporations in various countries, mostly those employing the civil law. This translates literally in all languages mentioned as anonymous company, anonymous partnership or share company and can be differentiated from partnerships and limited liability companies.
S.A. meaning "anonymous society/corporation" is the abbreviation of:
- Société anonyme in French
- Società anonima spA) in Italian Switzerland
- Societat Anònima in Catalan
- Spółka Akcyjna in Polish
- Sociedade Anónima in Portuguese (European); Sociedade Anônima (until 1991)
- Sociedad Anónima or Sociedad por Acciones in Spanish
It is equivalent in both literal meaning and practical function to:
- Naamloze Vennootschap (N.V.) in Dutch
- Anonymi Etairia (A.E.) or Ανώνυμη Εταιρία in Greek
- Anonim Şirket (A.Ş.) in Turkish
- Perseroan Terbatas (P.T.) in Indonesia
- Sendirian Berhad (Sdn.Bhd.) in Malaysia
It is equivalent in practical function to:
- Several different forms with terms derived from the German Aktiengesellschaft (AG), all literally meaning "share company" or "Company with Shares":
- Societate pe Acţiuni in Romanian, which somewhat confusingly abbreviates to S.A.
- Sociedade por Ações in Brazilian Portuguese; confusingly also abbreviates to S.A.
- Società per Azioni (S.p.A.) in Italian (sometimes transliterates as 'joint-stock corporation')
- Aktiebolag (AB) in Swedish
- Aktieselskab (A/S) in Danish
- Aksjeselskap (AS) in Norwegian (bokmål)
- Lutlag (LL) in Norwegian (nynorsk)
- Akcionarsko Drustvo (A.D.) in Serbia
- Akciová společnost (a.s.) in Czech
- Dioničko društvo (d.d.) in Croatian
- Public limited company (Plc) in English (most commonly used in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland, less-known elsewhere).