Shandaken Tunnel

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The south outlet of the Shandaken Tunnel, just above Esopus Creek.
The south outlet of the Shandaken Tunnel, just above Esopus Creek.

The Shandaken Tunnel is an underground tunnel in Eastern New York State, and is part of the New York City Water Supply System. It was constructed from 1917 to 1924. The aqueduct starts in Gilboa, New York at the Schoharie Reservoir, which is in the counties of Schoharie, Delaware, and Greene. The water flows south towards the Esopus Creek in Ulster County. It finally empties into a man-made pool in Allaben, New York, within the Township of Shandaken, and enters Esopus Creek there.

The tunnel is over 18 miles (29 kilometres) in length, and carries water through Greene County and Ulster County. Water is forced through the tunnel by gravity; it slowly declines at a rate of 4.4 feet per mile. It is 11.5 feet high, and 10.2 feet wide, meaning that it isn't a perfect circle. There are seven shafts throughout the length of the tunnel, all serving as air vents to introduce oxygen to the water, and to bring out impurities.

v • d • e
Implements in New York City's Water Supply System
Reservoirs (Croton Watershed): New Croton Reservoir, Boyds Corner Reservoir, Middle Branch Reservoir, East Branch Reservoir/Bog Brook Reservoir, Titicus Reservoir, West Branch Reservoir, Amawalk Reservoir, Muscoot Reservoir, Cross River Reservoir, Croton Falls Reservoir/Diverting Reservoir
Reservoirs (Catskill/Delaware Watershed): Ashokan Reservoir, Kensico Reservoir, Schoharie Reservoir, Rondout Reservoir, Neversink Reservoir, Pepacton Reservoir, Cannonsville Reservoir
Controlled Lakes: Kirk Lake, Lake Gilead, Lake Gleneida
Waterways: Croton River, West Branch Croton River, Middle Branch Croton River, East Branch Croton River, Titicus River, Muscoot River, Cross River, Esopus Creek, Neversink River, Rondout Creek, Delaware River, East Branch Delaware River, West Branch Delaware River
Aqueducts: New Croton Aqueduct, Catskill Aqueduct, Shandaken Tunnel, Delaware Aqueduct, Neversink Tunnel, East Delaware Tunnel, West Delaware Tunnel
Storage Reservoirs: Hillview Reservoir, Jerome Park Reservoir, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Reservoir (decommissioned), Silver Lake Reservoir, Ridgewood Reservoir
Distribution Tunnels: New York City Water Tunnel No. 1, New York City Water Tunnel No. 2, New York City Water Tunnel No. 3 (under construction), Richmond Tunnel


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