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Slave dynasty
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Slave dynasty (Urdu: سلطنت غلامان) served as the first Sultans of Delhi in India from 1206 to 1290. The founder of the dynasty, Qutb-ud-din Aybak, was a Turkish ex-slave of the Aybak tribe who rose to command the armies and administer the territory of Muhammad Ghori in India.
After Muhammad's death in 1206 without an heir, Qutb-ud-din fought off rivals to take possession of Muhammad's Indian empire. He established his capital first at Lahore, and later at Delhi, where he started building the Qutb complex.
Qutb-ud-din died accidentally in 1210, and after a succession struggle, Iltutmish, another Turkish ex-slave, emerged as Sultan. Iltutmish married Qutb-ud-din's daughter, and all but one of the later sultans of the dynasty were his descendants, including his daughter, Razia, who reigned for four years. Sultan Balban was also an ex-slave, who commanded the armies of Sultan Nasir ud din, and kept the Mongols at bay, eventually securing the throne for himself. After the brief reigns of Balban's grandson and great-grandson, the Slave dynasty was overthrown by Jalal-ud-din Feroz Khalji of the Khalji dynasty, who had established themselves in Bihar and Bengal in Muhammad Ghori's reign.
- Qutb-ud-din Aybak (1206–1210)
- Aram Shah (1210–1211)
- Shams ud din Iltutmish (1211–1236). Son-in-law of Qutb-ud-din Aybak.
- Rukn ud din Firuz (1236). Son of Iltutmish.
- Raziyyat ud din Sultana (1236–1240). Daughter of Iltutmish.
- Muiz ud din Bahram (1240–1242). Son of Iltutmish.
- Ala ud din Masud (1242–1246). Son of Rukn ud din.
- Nasir ud din Mahmud (1246–1266). Son of Iltutmish.
- Ghiyas ud din Balban (1266–1286). Ex-slave, son-in-law of Iltutmish.
- Muiz ud din Qaiqabad (1286–1290). Grandson of Balban and Nasir ud din.
- Kayumars (1290). Son of Muiz ud din.