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Snefru
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Snefru (cryptography))
- This article concerns the cryptographic hash function. Snefru is also an alternative spelling for Sneferu, an Egyptian pharaoh.
Snefru is a cryptographic hash function invented by Ralph Merkle which supports 128-bit and 256-bit output. It was named after the Egyptian Pharaoh Sneferu, continuing the tradition of the Khufu and Khafre block ciphers.
The original design of Snefru was shown to be insecure by Eli Biham and Adi Shamir who were able to use differential cryptanalysis to find hash collisions. The design was then modified by increasing the number of iterations of the main pass of the algorithm from two to eight. Although differential cryptanalysis can break the revised version with less complexity than brute force search (a certificational weakness), the attack requires 288.5 operations and is thus not currently feasible in practice.
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| Hash algorithms: Gost-Hash | HAS-160 | HAVAL | MDC-2 | MD2 | MD4 | MD5 | N-Hash | RadioGatún | RIPEMD | SHA family | Snefru | Tiger | WHIRLPOOL | crypt(3) DES |
| MAC algorithms: DAA | CBC-MAC | HMAC | OMAC/CMAC | PMAC | UMAC | Poly1305-AES |
| Authenticated encryption modes: CCM | CWC | EAX | GCM | OCB |
| Attacks: Hash collision | Birthday attack | Preimage attack | Rainbow table | Brute force attack |
| Standardization: CRYPTREC | NESSIE |
| Misc: Avalanche effect | Hash collision | Merkle-Damgård construction |
| History of cryptography | Cryptanalysis | Cryptography portal | Topics in cryptography |
| Symmetric-key algorithm | Block cipher | Stream cipher | Public-key cryptography | Cryptographic hash function | Message authentication code | Random numbers |