Stag beetle

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Stag beetles
Male Lucanus cervus
Male Lucanus cervus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Suborder: Polyphaga
Infraorder: Scarabaeiformia
Superfamily: Scarabaeoidea
Family: Lucanidae
Latreille, 1804
Subfamilies

not a complete list
Aesalinae
Figulinae
Lampriminae
Lucaninae
Nicaginae
Penichrolucaninae
Syndesinae
Mating pair
Mating pair

Stag beetles are a group of about 1,200 species of beetle in the family Lucanidae. Some species grow to 8 cm (3¼ in), but most are about 5 cm (2 in).

The English name is derived from the large and distinctive mandibles found on the males of most species, which resemble the antlers of stags.

A well-known species in much of Europe is Lucanus cervus, referred to in Britain as "the" stag beetle (it is the largest British terrestrial insect). Pliny the Elder noted that Nigidius called the stag beetle lucanus after the Italian region of Lucania where they were used as amulets. The scientific name of Lucanus cervus is this word, plus cervus, deer.

Male stag beetles use their jaws to wrestle each other for favoured mating sites, but despite their often fearsome appearance they are not normally aggressive to humans. Stag beetles are sometimes used in the Chinese sport of insect fighting[citation needed].

Female stag beetles are usually smaller than the males, with mandibles in normal proportion for a beetle.

The larvae feed for several years on rotting wood, growing into grubs which in larger species may be as big as a human finger.

Wikispecies has information related to:

Subfamily Aesalinae

Tribe Aesalini
Genus Aesalus (Fabricius, 1801)
Genus Cretaesalus (fossil)
Genus Echinoaesalus Zelenka, 1993
Genus Lucanobium Howden & Lawrence, 1974
Tribe Ceratognathini
Genus Ceratognathus Westwood, 1838
Genus Hilophyllus Paulsen & Mondaca, 2006
Genus Mitophyllus Parry, 1843
Tribe Nicagini
Genus Nicagus LeConte, 1861
Genus Holloceratognathus Nikolajev, 1998

Subfamily Lampriminae

Genus Dendroblax White, 1846
Genus Homolamprima
Genus Lamprima
Genus Phalacrognathus
Genus Streptocerus Dejean, 1833

Subfamily Lucaninae Latreille, 1804

Tribe Aegini
Genus Aegus MacLeay, 1819
Tribe Allotopini
Genus Allotopus
Genus Mesotopus
Tribe Chiasognathini
Genus Cacostomus
Genus Casignetus
Genus Chiasognathus Stephens, 1831
Genus Protognathinus
Genus Sphaenognathus
Tribe Cladognathini
Genus Aphanognathus
Genus Capreolucanus
Genus Cladophyllus
Genus Eligmodontus
Genus Gonometopus
Genus Macrodorcas Motschulsky, 1862
Genus Palaeognathus
Genus Prismognathus Motschulsky, 1860
Genus Prosopocoilus Westwood, 1845
Genus Pseudorhaetus
Genus Rhaetulus
Genus Rhaetus
Genus Tetrarthrius
Genus Weinreichius
Tribe Colophonini
Genus Colophon
Tribe Cyclommatini
Genus Cyclommatus Parry, 1863
Tribe Dendeziini
Genus Dendezia
Genus Oonotus Parry, 1864
Genus Xiphodontus
Tribe Dorcini
Genus Bartolozziolucanus
Genus Cantharolethrus
Genus Cyclommatus
Genus Dorcasoides
Genus Dorcus MacLeay, 1819
Genus Homoderus
Genus Leptinopterus
Genus Prosopocoilus
Genus Rhaetulus
Genus Serrognathus
Genus Pycnosiphorus
Genus Sclerostomus
Tribe Figulini
Genus Cardanus
Genus Dinonigidius
Genus Figulus
Genus Ganelius
Genus Nigidionus
Genus Nigidius
Genus Novonigidius
Genus Penichrolucanus
Tribe Lucanini
Genus Hexarthrius
Genus Lucanus
Tribe Odontolabini
Genus Calcodes
Genus Neolucanus
Genus Odontolabis
Tribe Platycerini
Genus Platyceroides Benesh, 1946
Genus Platyceropsis Benesh, 1946
Genus Platycerus Geoffroy, 1762

Subfamily Syndesinae

Tribe Ceruchini
Genus Ceruchus MacLeay, 1819
Tribe Sinodendronini
Genus Sinodendron Hellwig in Schneider, 1792
Tribe Syndesini
Genus Psilodon Perty, 1830
Genus Syndesus MacLeay, 1819

Cacostomus squamosus

Dorcus curvidens

Dorcus parallelipipedus

Lamprima adolphinae

Lucanus cervus Male

Lucanus maculifemoratus

Lucanus swinhoei

Odontolabis cuvera

Odontolabis femoralis

Prosopocoilus astacoides

Prosopocoilus giraffa

Rhaetulus crenatus

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stag_beetle"
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