Synchronous motor

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A synchronous electric motor is distinguished by its rotor spinning at the same rate as the oscillating field which drives it. Another way of saying this is that it has zero slip under usual operating conditions. Contrast this with an induction motor, which must slip in order to produce torque.

Synchronous motors have the following advantages over non-synchronous motors :

  • Speed is independent of the load, provided an adequate field current is applied.
  • Accurate control in speed and position using open loop controls, eg. stepper motors.
  • They will hold their position when a DC current is applied to both the stator and the rotor windings.
  • Their power factor can be adjusted to unity by using a proper field current relative to the load. A leading (capacitive) P.F. can also be obtained by increasing this current slightly, which can help achieve a better power factor correction for the whole installation.
  • Their construction allows for increased electrical efficiency when a low speed is required (as in ball mills and similar apparatus).

  • Brushless permanent magnet DC motor.
  • Stepper motor.
  • Slow speed AC synchronous motor.
  • Switched reluctance motor.

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