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Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from SIRS)
| ICD-9 | 995.90 |
|---|
In medicine, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an inflammatory state of the whole body (the "system") without a proven source of infection. It is a serious medical condition.
Contents |
Criteria for SIRS were agreed in 1992.[1] SIRS can be diagnosed when two or more of the following are present:[2][3][4][5]
- Heart rate > 90 beats per minute
- Body temperature < 36 or > 38°C
- Tachypnea (high respiratory rate) > 20 breaths per minute or, on blood gas, a PaCO2 < 4.3 kPa (32 mm Hg)
- White blood cell count < 4000 cells/mm³ or > 12000 cells/mm³ (< 4 x 109 or > 12 x 109 cells/L), or the presence of greater than 10% immature neutrophils.
SIRS with a suspected or proven infection is called sepsis.
Simply stated:
SIRS can result in the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
Hypotension related to vessel dilation
Hypovolemic Shock
- Severe trauma
- Surgery, complication of
- Burns
- Acute pancreatitis
- Immunodeficiency (such as AIDS[6])
SIRS can be considered to be a subset of cytokine storm, a general term (not commonly used in clinical medicine) for cytokine dysregulation.
- ^ (1992) "American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis". Crit. Care Med. 20 (6): 864-74. PMID 1597042.
- ^ a b Irwin RS, Cerra FB, Rippe JM. Irwin and Rippe's Intensive Care Medicine. 5th Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Hagerstown, MD. 2003. ISBN 0-7817-1425-7. Publisher's information on the book.
- ^ a b Marino PL. The ICU Book. 2nd Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Hagerstown, MD. 1998. ISBN 0-683-05565-8. Publisher's information on the book.
- ^ Sharma S, Steven M. Septic Shock. eMedicine.com, URL: http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic2101.htm Accessed on Nov 20, 2005.
- ^ Tslotou AG, Sakorafas GH, Anagnostopoulos G, Bramis J. Septic shock; current pathogenetic concepts from a clinical perspective. Med Sci Monit. 2005 Mar;11(3):RA76-85. PMID 15735579. Full Text.
- ^ Santhanam S, Tolan RW. Sepsis. eMedicine.com, URL: http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic3033.htm Accessed on Mar 12, 2006.
- Intensive Care Medicine by Irwin and Rippe
- The ICU Book by Marino
- Cecil Textbook of Medicine
- The Oxford Textbook of Medicine
- Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine
- Bacteremia and Septic Shock (Merck Manual) - explains the usage of the terms bacteremia, septic shock, sepsis and septicemia.