From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lagoon shoreline at Fanning

Tabuaeran, also known as Fanning Island or Fanning Atoll (both Gilbertese and English names are recognised) is one of the Line Islands of the central Pacific Ocean, and part of Kiribati. It is an atoll located at 3°51′36″N, 159°21′52″W. The maximum elevation is about 3 m (10 ft) above high tide.

At some 900 miles distant, Tabuaeran is one of the closest landfalls to the Hawaiian Islands, and the atoll was possibly used as a stopover by the Polynesians who first settled Hawai‘i. Artifacts have been discovered that indicate possible early settlements by people from Polynesia—probably the Cook Islands or Tonga.

The atoll was first charted by the American captain Edmund Fanning on November 6, 1798, on the USS Betsy and was named for him. At the time, the atoll was uninhabited, and in fact, like all of the Line Islands, has no truly native population.

Fanning was next claimed by the British in 1889, who blasted coral heads in the deep, natural opening—thereafter called the English Channel—on the west side of the atoll. Tabuaeran once hosted a cable station on the Trans-Pacific cable between Canada and Australia, a part of the All Red Line. In 1914 (World War I), the Cable Station was shelled by a German gunboat, and the station slightly damaged. In 1939 the atoll was incorporated into the British colony of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, and later that, in (1979), gaining independence along with them, becoming part of the Republic of Kiribati ( pronounced kee-ree-bahs).

Tabuaeran features in John Updike's short story "The Blessed Old Man, My Grandmother's Thimble, and Fanning Island."

Tabuaeran has a population of 2500, principally Gilbertese settlers brought from Kiribati by Fanning Island Plantations, Ltd., to work in the copra industry (copra is the meat of the coconut). The capital is Napari (Paelau) in the northwest. The former capital is Napia (English Harbour) on the western side, south of a passage into the lagoon. Other villages are Tereitaki, in the northwest, Aontena, a resettlement area just south of Napia, and Manuku, a resettlement area in the south.

Reef fish and shellfish, babai (Cyrtosperma chamissonis), coconut, pigs, chickens, and seaweed (limu) grown in a lagoon are local foods, supplementing a main diet of imported rice and tinned meats.

The island's major exports are copra and hand crafts (including cowrie shell, shark tooth knives, and Kiribati stamps). A supply ship from Australia calls two or three times a year. However, Tabuaeran is a weekly port of call for a ship in the Norwegian Cruise Line, whose base port is Honolulu. It is more cost effective for the cruise line to visit a foreign country than to pay port charges as a consequence of the U.S. Passenger Services Act.

Kiribati
list of islands of Kiribati

• map of Tabuaeran
• Fanning Island on Jane Resture's Oceania Home Page A strong resource including geography, history, photos, and links.
• Fanning-Island.com