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Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site
IUCN Category V (Protected Landscape/Seascape)
Location	Buffalo, New York, USA
Coordinates	42°54′6″N 78°52′23″W / 42.90167, -78.87306
Area	1.03 (1470 m²)
Established	November 2, 1966
Visitors	13,032 (in 2005)
Governing body	National Park Service

Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site preserves the Ansley Wilcox House, at 641 Delaware Avenue in Buffalo, New York. Here, after the assassination of William McKinley, Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office as President of the United States on September 14, 1901.

Ansley Wilcox House, 1965

The oldest part of the National Historic Site includes the lone surviving structure from the Buffalo Barracks compound. Due to tensions between the U.S. and Anglo-Canada, a military post was constructed to ensure border security. Built in 1839, the post encompassed all the land from Allen Street to North Street and Delaware Ave to Main Street. The structure that would later be incorporated into the Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site started life in 1840 as the Barrack's officer's quarters.

After the post was disbanded in 1845, the home reverted to a private residence. Subsequent owners continued to modify the structure adding and demolishing out structures and additions. In the late 1800s, Dexter Rumsey, gave the property to his son-in-law Ansley Wilcox and his wife Mary Grace Rumsey. The newest inhabitants made extensive renovations to the structure. Plans of these renovations are still on file at the Historic Site.

In 1901, while attending the Pan-American Exposition, anarchist Leon Czolgosz twice shot President William McKinley. Although early doctor's reports on the President's condition were positive, McKinley's condition soon worsened. Vice-President Theodore Roosevelt rushed back to Buffalo, but arrived only after McKinley had died.

Interior of room in Wilcox House where Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of Presidency.

It was decided to conduct the inauguration immediately due to the tragic and politically charged circumstances of the President's death. The most appropriate site was determined to the Wilcox home. Approximately 50 dignitaries, family members and cabinet officials gathered in the front library for the inauguration. Federal Judge John R. Hazel administered the oath. No photograph image exists of the ceremony itself, although the room was heavily photographed after the inauguration had concluded.

The Wilcoxes continued to live in the home until their deaths in the 1930s. The home's furniture was sold at a public auction and the property itself became the Kathryn Lawrence Restaurant. The restaurant made extensive alterations to the home. The restaurant removed interior walls, demolished a carriage house, and painted many of the finished wood surfaces before it ceased operations in 1961.The House at 641 Delaware. Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site. National Park Service (2006-12-13). Retrieved on 2007-10-18.

The National Historic Site was authorized on November 2, 1966. As an historic area administered by the National Park Service, it was automatically listed on the National Register of Historic Places the same day.

• The National Parks: Index 2001–2003. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.

• Official NPS website: Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site